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| | Monopoly - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The monopoly's profit is its total revenue less its total cost. | | | In this way the monopoly will secure monopoly profits by appropriating some or all of the consumer surplus, as although the higher price deters some consumers from purchasing, most are willing to pay the higher price. | | | Monopoly should be distinguished from monopsony, in which there is only one buyer of the product or service; it should also, strictly, be distinguished from the (similar) phenomenon of a cartel. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopoly
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| | Press Release - Washington State Liquor Control Board |
| | State regulation of the industry and competition with the private sector at the same time is a direct violation of business principles. | | | The Deloitte and Touche report stated “when benchmarked against other specialty retailers and the control states in the areas of procurement, inventory management and distribution, the LCB typically performed as good or better where data was available for comparison. | | | One task force member stated the following: “Should the state of Washington abide by the same rules and regulations that they impose on the private sector?” or “should the state of Washington be above the rules they impose on the private sector?” By maintaining the current LCB system, the answer is clearly YES. |
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http://www.liq.wa.gov/releases/findings.asp
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| | Drying up the state’s liquor monopoly |
| | Maybe the legislature has begun to recognize that it is time for the state to get out of the alcohol business for the benefit of taxpayers, businesses and consumers. | | | Thirty-two states and the District of Columbia, as well as many countries, have privatized liquor sales and limited government to managing sales licenses and any associated taxes. | | | Under state law, suppliers must sell the same product at the same price to each distributor carrying that brand. |
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http://www.effwa.org/opeds/2005_01_21.php
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| | Monopoly, Competition, and Educational Freedom |
| | A true monopoly in education would mean that other means of providing education, including private schools, would be outlawed. | | | Let's examine the principles of monopoly, competition, and free markets in the context of Becker's analysis of education. | | | Moreover, we must keep in mind that funding for public schooling would continue to occur through the taxing process regardless of whether people were choosing another branch of the system. |
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http://www.fff.org/freedom/0300a.asp
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| | Russian Agriculture Minister Proposes State Monopoly on Alcohol - NEWS - MOSNEWS.COM |
| | According to his proposal, the government should set up a state joint stock company that will be the sole company in charge of purchasing, storing and selling alcohol, and also paying excise duties. | | | He expressed confidence that in the future the state would be able to take account of all alcohol while vodka prices may even fall, the agency reported. | | | In fact, the company would be a major warehouse and a universal supplier: its refusal to supply alcohol to a vodka distillery would mean that a particular alcohol-producing enterprise would be unable to operate. |
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http://www.mosnews.com/news/2005/01/27/alcoholmonopoly.shtml
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| | James Connolly: State Monopoly versus Socialism (1899) |
| | For it must be remembered that every function of a useful character performed by the State or Municipality to-day was at one time performed by private individuals for profit, and in conformity with the then generally accepted belief that it could not be satisfactorily performed except by private individuals. | | | One of the most significant signs of our times is the readiness with which our struggling middle class turns to schemes of State or Municipal ownership and control, for relief from the economic pressure under which it is struggling. | | | The demands of the middle-class reformers, from the Railway Reform League down, are simply plans to facilitate the business transactions of the capitalist class. |
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http://www.marxists.org/archive/connolly/1901/evangel/stmonsoc.htm
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| | Joint forest management in India and the impact of state control over non-wood forest products |
| | Although state forest revenues have increased, the forest-dependent communities do not appear to be reaping benefits in terms of wages, socio-economic conditions or gender equity, and the cost to end users has continued to increase. | | | Thus, the policy envisages a process of joint management of forests by the state governments (which have nominal responsibility) and the local people, which would share both the responsibility for managing the resource and the benefits that accrue from this management. | | | It is noteworthy that some of the 29 items yield very insignificant amounts of revenue yet have nevertheless been taken under the state monopoly. |
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http://www.fao.org/docrep/x2450e/x2450e0c.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | The Constitution of the State of Oregon is amended by creating a new section 39a to be added to and made a part of Article I, and by amending section 39, Article I, such sections to read: { + Sec. | | | Directs Legislative Assembly to provide for licensing of private liquor stores and to establish privilege tax to offset revenues lost by reason of termination of state's monopoly. | | | All + } provisions shall be liberally construed for the accomplishment of these purposes. |
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http://www.leg.state.or.us/03reg/measures/hjr1.dir/hjr0040.intro.html
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| | Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - China to break up state monopoly on power soon |
| | Zeng said the government had made special provisions for joint venture power plants with foreign investors, adding that the government was open to discussions with the foreign investors on the upcoming restructuring. | | | Zeng said competition would be based on the quality of the power generation plants, the way they generated their power, price and whether generation was done in an environmentally-friendly way. | | | 07-03-02 China is preparing to implement a long-awaited plan to restructure its state-owned power sector, aimed at breaking up the current state monopoly on electrical power, China's top economic planner said. |
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http://www.gasandoil.com/goc/company/cns21510.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | Since in the present context we are discussing the minimal state, its purpose is, by hypothesis, the provision of the minimal amount of services necessary for citizens to live together in peace and security. | | | This would seem to justify the existence of a state with the power to prevent protective agency collusion, not one that required all citizens to purchase protective and adjudicative services exclusively from itself. | | | Among those who entertain the possibility that it may not be, the focus of debate is on whether the state is truly necessary or whether the market can safely supply the basic rule-making, adjudicative, and enforcement services that human beings need. |
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http://mason.gmu.edu/~jhasnas/webdraft.htm
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| | Monopoly |
| | State the relationship between price and marginal revenue for a monopoly. | | | State the necessary condition for a firm to earn economic profit in the long run. | | | State how excess production costs may increase the welfare loss associated with monopoly. |
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http://www.people.vcu.edu/~emillner/eco210/MonopolyN210.htm
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| | Joseph R. Stromberg: The Political Economy of Liberal Corporativism |
| | In a similar vein, economist Yale Brozen, in his article "Is Government the Source of Monopoly?", adds up the cost of ICC cartellization; he concludes: "This is the cost of only one set of monopolies fostered by the government. | | | In other words, the monopoly structure of the economy by preventing innovation also limits the amount of money that can be invested profitably at home. | | | Since the Austrian economists have demonstrated that monopoly is impossible in a free market, the cartellized and monopolistic character of broad sectors of our economy can only be explained on the ground of large-scale State intervention, intervention demanded by and benefiting powerful Big Business interests. |
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http://tmh.floonet.net/articles/strombrg.html
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| | ENERGY-MEXICO: Spectre of Bankruptcy Looms over State Oil Monopoly |
| | However, during the first year of his administration, he submitted to Congress a series of reforms aimed at opening up the oil industry to greater private sector participation. | | | MEXICO CITY, Mar 31 (IPS) - The spectre of bankruptcy is looming over Mexico's state oil monopoly, which carries a burden of 86 billion dollars in debt, while more than 60 percent of its sales go to the state in taxes. | | | Noting that today, 67 years after the nationalisation of the oil industry, the company is the world's most heavily indebted oil firm, Pemex Director Luis Martínez Corzo urged the Finance Ministry and Congress to come up with mechanisms to keep it from going under without jeopardising state control of the company. |
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http://www.ipsnews.net/africa/interna.asp?idnews=28104
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| | Zizek's Lenin |
| | I think of it in terms of all the ways in which the state (in the U.S., federal, state and local government) act to increase the profits of the private sector, especially in ways that it did not in more competitive era of the 1800's. | | | Directly to your question, privatization amounts to the government taking the extreme step of passing sections of the government over to the private sector. | | | How is it that you conceive of state-monopoly ? |
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http://mailman.lbo-talk.org/2000/2000-May/009714.html
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| | Soviet Union (former) DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE MONOPOLY ON FOREIGN TRADE - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, ... |
| | The government retained its monopoly on foreign trade through a streamlined version of the Soviet foreign trade bureaucracy as it existed before the January 17 decree. | | | The State Committee for Foreign Economic Relations (Gosudarstvennyi komitet po vneshnim ekonomicheskim sviaziam--GKES), created in 1955, managed all foreign aid programs and the export of complete factories through the FTOs subordinate to it. | | | The government restructured foreign trade operations according to Decree Number 358, issued in February 1930, which eliminated the decentralized, essentially private, trading practices of the NEP period and established a system of monopoly specialization. |
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http://www.photius.com/countries/soviet_union_former/government/soviet_union_former_government_development_of_the_s~11287.html
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| | What's That Bad Smell Coming from Silver State Disposal? |
| | As a consequence, critics assert, the company’s management for years has been massively resistant to all efforts—whether federal, state or private—to expand the recycling of solid waste. | | | Then, costs of the construction work were hidden in the inflated garbage pick-up costs presented to the county. | | | Facing the higher costs, many of the small waste management companies began using mechanical means to crush their materials into smaller spaces. |
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http://www.electricnevada.com/pages99/ss.htm
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| | The Crisis of the Sovereign State |
| | The end of global strategic competition has rendered some states effectively expendable, as they are considered irrelevant in terms of economic interests, while not constituting a threat to the interests of other states. | | | But if economics has been a rapid and easy integrator, and markets are converging toward a single global market, politics in the past decade has followed a different and perhaps contradictory path. | | | In the case of sub-Saharan Africa, political correctness masked the liabilities of the system and prevented even basic analysis of the condition of the countries there. |
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http://www.heritage.org/Research/PoliticalPhilosophy/HL649.cfm
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| | ECJ decides on Swedish state’s monopoly on medicines - European Public Health Alliance |
| | The Court held that the system of selecting medicines operated by Apoteket was liable to place medicines from other Member States at a disadvantage compared with trade in Swedish medicines. | | | However, Sweden’s retail business association interpreted the ECJ ruling as a "ban of the Apoteket monopoly" and some Swedish business have already announced that they would start selling drugs which do not require a prescription. | | | Since 1970, the Swedish government has entrusted retail trade in medicinal preparations to Apoteket (formerly known as |
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http://www.epha.org/a/1009
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| | War, Peace, and the State, by Murray N. Rothbard |
| | Failure by the State to defend, therefore, has educative value for the public. | | | The Western powers coerced the smaller governments into increasing tax aggression on their own people, in order to pay off foreign bondholders. | | | Revolutions can be, and often are, financed and fought by voluntary contributions of the public. |
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http://www.mises.org/rothbard/warpeace.asp
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| | CONTESTING THE STATE MEDIA MONOPOLY: SYRIA ON Al-JAZIRA TELEVISION |
| | Two, will they be able to keep their independent approach without upsetting their sponsors, many of whom are likely to come from neighboring Gulf states which are not totally thrilled about the station. | | | The significance of the Syrian case lies in the fact that the Syrian regime is highly authoritarian and still maintains total control of information and communication. | | | I will analyze the content of sample news and programs that have tackled issues considered sensitive to the Syrian regime, such as the three shows Akthar min Ra'i (More than One Opinion), al-Ittijah al-Mu'akis, (Opposite Directions) and Bila Hudud (Without Bounds), to suggest that these programs may be forcing governments to change their discourse. |
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http://www.biu.ac.il/SOC/besa/meria/journal/2001/issue2/jv5n2a7.html
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| | The Epoch Times State Monopoly on Chinese Salt Production Allows Fertile Environment for Corruption |
| | State salt companies in Mainland China continue to monopolize the salt industry, according to a recent report by The Ming Pao Daily, allowing these state-run companies to conduct illegal business in order to increase profits. | | | The wholesale pricing of salt is now subject to mandatory planning by the state, and has been completely closed to private investment. | | | Information from the Central News Agency was used in this report |
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http://english.epochtimes.com/news/4-9-22/23385.html
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| | EU court rules Swedish state monopoly on medicines is illegal - EUbusiness |
| | The court said: "The system of selecting medicinal preparations operated by the monopoly in question, Apoteket, is liable to place at a disadvantage medicinal preparations from other member states." | | | In Sweden, where the retail sale of medicinal preparations has been entrusted to Apoteket, which is controlled by the state, the ruling met with conflicting interpretations. | | | Under EU law, state monopolies may exist but they must be structured in such a way that there is no discrimination between nationals of member states. |
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http://www.eubusiness.com/Competition/050531084529.ughgb3ga
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| | Emergence of state operator would lead to state monopoly over mobile phone services, independent experts say :: ... |
| | While speaking at Wednesday`s government conference on the development of mobile telephony, the head of state said that awarding the license to a state-owned company would help keep profits within the economy. | | | Dashkevich expressed the opinion that the government might try to force Velcom and MTS out of the market, using tax levers. | | | Independent analysts fear that if the government grants the third GSM license to a company wholly owned by the state as suggested by Aleksandr Lukashenko, this may lead to a government monopoly over mobile phone services. |
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http://www.charter97.org/eng/news/2004/08/13/mob
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| | RIA Novosti - Business - Russia might introduce state monopoly on ethyl alcohol sales |
| | Gryzlov said all the financial accounts of this group would be kept in the federal treasury. | | | He also said the laws establish a clear licensing mechanism for all businesses related to the production and sales of alcoholic beverages. | | | These laws introduced measures against dishonest manufacturers and wholesalers and strengthened control over the production and quality of ethyl alcohol. |
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http://en.rian.ru/business/20050725/40969558.html
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| | End the State Monopoly on Higher Education |
| | But given the resource crunch faced by both the central and state governments, one obvious necessary step would seem to be the entry of private universities. | | | When even Chinese universities charge fees ranging from 10,000 to 20,000 rupees annually, how can we afford to provide education virtually free? | | | Under the University Grants Commission (UGC) Act, 1956, an institution can award degrees only if it is established under an act of Parliament or a State Legislature, or specially empowered to award degrees through legislation, or deemed to be a university by the Commission. |
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http://www.columbia.edu/~ap2231/ET/et24-march01.htm
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| | The Hindu : Tamil Nadu News : Writ plea to stop State monopoly in sand sale |
| | The PWD would operate quarries at 239 locations and sell sand to users at a price of Rs. | | | "These contractors have set up their own stock yard near the quarry site and they also sell the illicitly quarried sand to private individuals." These contractors sell sand for higher price and make huge profits, depriving the State of its revenue by way of fee or royalty. | | | The petition, filed by the Aminjikarai Lorry Owner's Welfare Association president V.S. Yuvaraj, sought a direction to the State Government to make arrangements for directly loading sand from quarries under the supervision of Public Works Department personnel for actual cost. |
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http://www.hinduonnet.com/2005/04/17/stories/2005041705570500.htm
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| | Middle East Online |
| | DAMASCUS - Two private banks opened for business this week in Damascus, marking the end of more than 40 years of state monopoly of the Syrian banking sector. | | | The Syria and Overseas Bank (BSOM) was officially inaugurated Wednesday by Syrian Finance Minister Mohammad al-Hussein and bank board chairman Rateb Shallah. | | | Two private banks open for business heralding end of more than 40 years of Syria's state banking monopoly. |
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http://www.middle-east-online.com/english?id=8415
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| | Jacqueline Mackie Paisley Passey: Costa Rica's state telecommunications monopoly and CAFTA |
| | [28] While Costa Rica will maintain its state monopoly in other sections of the telecommunications sector, it agreed to open up the three sectors of most interest to US companies. | | | [3] Trade between the US and Costa Rica, which already accounts for 30% of trade between the United State and Central America,[4] has been rising – in 2003 US exports to Costa Rica totaled $3.5 billion (up 13% from 2002) and Costa Rica’s exports to the US totaled $3.4 billion (up 9.7% from 2002). | | | [21] Basically, they wanted to keep the ICE state monopoly but license foreign companies to run some sections. |
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http://jacquelinepassey.blogs.com/blog/2005/03/costa_ricas_sta.html
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| | UNI Telecom : Zimbabwe Court Breaks State Telecom Monopoly |
| | The court instructed the government to draw up laws to govern the liberalised sector by early 2001, to allow new investors to enter the telecommunications industry, which badly requires investment. | | | Zimbabwe's Supreme Court Wednesday ruled the state's monopoly in the provision of fixed telecommunications services as unconstitutional, paving the way for private investors to enter the lucrative sector. | | | More than 100,000 people, including companies, are on the waiting list of the state-run Posts and Telecommunication Corporation for service, some for as long as five years. |
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http://www.union-network.org/unitelecom.nsf/d728a4b898b51ee5c12568900029a938/66c3d319e7a7d5cdc125698f00451172?OpenDocument
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| | The Norwegian State's Monopoly of Wines and Liquors |
| | The State's share of the revenu was 2.4 billion kroner the same year. | | | In many smaller cities, there are none, and people need to travel far to get their wine. | | | In some (smaller) cities, there is even beer monopoly, i.e. |
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http://www.cyberclip.com/Katrine/NorwayInfo/words2/vinmonopol.html
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| | Iran: Expediency Council announces end to state monopoly of economy |
| | As per the decision made today, all major industries, manufacturing and service sectors will be ceded to the private sector in a bid to 'prevent the governing system from being a big employer'. | | | Tehran, Oct 2, IRNA -- The Expediency Council, the top policy making body, on Saturday passed another part of a general plan to rescind articles 43 and 44 of the Constitution which advocate state monopoly of the economy. | | | Foreign trade, banking, insurance, power generation for domestic consumption and export, telecom and postal service, railway, airlines, and shipping have been singled out by the Expediency Council as the areas that the body prefers not to remain under state monopoly. |
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http://www.payvand.com/news/04/oct/1013.html
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| | Editorial: Liquor normalcy / Fisher, Rendell and an obsolete state monopoly |
| | Mike Fisher needs to do more than make the normalcy of liquor sales a campaign item; he needs to be ready to broker a deal with the House and Senate. | | | The Mormon state is more real-world, with three-quarters of its stores in the hands of private owner-operators (under contract with the state) and all of its stores selling beer under the same roof as liquor and wine. | | | The next governor, regardless of party, should have a game plan for bringing retail liquor into the 21st century. |
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http://www.post-gazette.com/forum/20020611edliquor0611p1.asp
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| | PDPI Web Site - Converted (WP) |
| | This has led some alcohol policy analysts to conclude that variations in the strictness of other aspects of the regulatory systems are more significant determinants of consumption than the generic system itself. | | | Thus a study by Huddle, Fuchs, and Holder, over a twenty-five year time period, supports their conclusion that "the more restrictive states showed lower consumption than the less restrictive states," without regard for whether the state used a license or monopoly system. | | | Some states with license systems have lower consumption rates than some of the (nominally) monopoly states. |
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http://www.pdpi.org/alcohol07.html
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| | The Impending Catastrophe and How To Combat It - Sect.11 |
| | If it has become a state monopoly, it means that the state (i.e., the armed organisation of the population, the workers and peasants above all, provided there is revolutionary democracy) directs the whole undertaking. | | | For if a huge capitalist undertaking becomes a monopoly, it means that it serves the whole nation. | | | Now try to substitute for the Junker-capitalist state, for the landowner-capitalist state, a revolutionary-democratic state, i.e., a state which in a revolutionary way abolishes all privileges and does not fear to introduce the fullest democracy in a revolutionary way. |
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http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1917/ichtci/11.htm
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| | NOLA.com: River Pilots Forum |
| | The state pilot momopoly members would still make about $250,000 a year. | | | Think about the number of votes she'd gain from these other groups not to mention the positive public response to addressing such very high profile and much more important public problems. | | | This kind of money would certainly help the Governor patch up some of the states many financial problems, i.e. |
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http://www.nola.com/forums/riverpilots/index.ssf?artid=3533
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| | BBC NEWS Africa Rwanda ends state radio monopoly |
| | During elections last year, the opposition complained that state media was biased in favour of the ruling party. | | | For the 10 years since the genocide, only state radio and foreign stations, such as the BBC, have been allowed to broadcast in Rwanda. | | | Information Minister Laurent Nkusi told the BBC's Focus on Africa programme that there would be a system of monitoring to prevent the new radio stations from inciting ethnic hatred. |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3445309.stm
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| | Iran parliament refuses to lift state monopoly on tobacco |
| | Iranian MPs on Tuesday refused to approve a bill on lifting state monopoly on tobacco, which would otherwise have allowed tobacco growing and producing factories to be ceded to private entities, IRNA reported from Tehran. | | | The ministry's statement warned that according to the state law, advertising tobacco and tobacco companies in any form is forbidden. | | | The ban came as tantalizing promotional items about several foreign-made cigarettes splashed across some of the country's widely-circulated newspapers. |
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http://www.payvand.com/news/03/jul/1196.html
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| | Scotsman.com Business - Fears of return to state monopoly as Gazprom targets Yukos |
| | State-controlled Gazprom is talking to overseas banks in an attempt to raise up to $10 billion (£5.2bn) to fund the purchase, which would effectively bring the oil industry back into Kremlin ownership. | | | Scotsman.com Business - Fears of return to state monopoly as Gazprom targets Yukos | | | Please note: Either your browser does not comply with current Web Standards or it has been unable to load the stylesheet that accompanies this page. |
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http://business.scotsman.com/index.cfm?id=1380912004
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| | AEH: EUR.IO: From dual structure to state monopoly in Norwegian telephony, 1880-1974 |
| | In Denmark and Finland private or independent local and regional telephone companies continued to prosper when the organisational alternative was declining in Norway. | | | AEH: EUR.IO: From dual structure to state monopoly in Norwegian telephony, 1880-1974 | | | In most West-European countries, the Nordic countries excepted, state telephone monopolies were established prior to World War I. The paper addresses three questions from a Norwegian perspective: 1) Why and by whom was it considered necessary to gain complete state monopoly on local and regional telephony, as well as on long distance traffic? |
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http://www.eh.net/pipermail/abstracts/2002-January/000211.html
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| | Butaflika: legislation to end state monopoly on education |
| | Butaflika: legislation to end state monopoly on education | | | The Algerian President Abdul Aziz Butaflika announced on Monday that legislation will be approved to end the country s monopoly on the higher education sector. | | | But he did not green light the foundation of private universities. |
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http://www.arabicnews.com/ansub/Daily/Day/041013/2004101320.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Title: From dual structure to state monopoly in Norwegian telephony, 1880-1974 | | | complete state monopoly on local and regional telephony, as well as | | | Sweden, that had a state monopoly from 1918, and from Denmark and |
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http://www.eh.net/lists/archives/abstracts/jan-2002/0009.php
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| | Constitutional Commentary: The little red schoolhouse: Pierce, state monopoly of education and the politics of ... |
| | The little red schoolhouse: Pierce, state monopoly of education and the politics of intolerance.(1923-1927 Oregon governor Walter M. Pierce) | | | Constitutional Commentary: The little red schoolhouse: Pierce, state monopoly of education and the politics of intolerance.(1923-1927 Oregon governor Walter M. Pierce)@ HighBeam Research | | | If the Oregon School Law is held to be unconstitutional it is not only a possibility but almost a certainty that within a few years the great centers of population in our country will be dotted with elementary schools which instead of being red on the outside will be red on the inside. |
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http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:116225849&refid=holomed_1
(236 words)
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