|
| |
| | Social market economy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The social market economy steeres a middle path between socialism and liberalism and aimes at maintaining a balance between a high rate of economic growth, low inflation, low levels of unemployment, good working conditions, public welfare and public services by using state intervention. | | | From the 1960s, the social market economy was the main economic model in mainland Western Europe, pursued by administrations of both the centre right (usually led by Christian Democratic parties) and the centre left (usually led by Labour, Social Democrat or Socialist parties). | | | I-3 of the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe The Union shall work for the sustainable development of Europe based on balanced economic growth and price stability, a highly competitive social market economy, aiming at full employment and social progress, and a high level of protection and improvement of the quality of the environment. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_market_economy
(419 words)
|
|
| |
| | Market economy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Germany's social market economy was one of the better functioning mixed economies, as microeconomists note that it had relativily free prices compared to other more socialist countries like the United Kingdom for much of the later 20th century. | | | A market economy is an economic system in which goods and services are traded, with the price at which goods and services are exchanged being determined by trades that occur as a result of sellers' asking prices matching buyers' bid prices. | | | The theoretical model of a large-scale free market economy does not occur legally, however the underground economy may be seen as an actualized free market economy. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_economy
(3809 words)
|
|
| |
| | XV. THE MARKET: The Characteristics of the Market Economy |
| | The market economy must be strictly differentiated from the second thinkable--although not realizable--system of social cooperation under the division of labor; the system of social or governmental ownership of the means of production. | | | THE MARKET: The Characteristics of the Market Economy | | | The market is the focal point to which the activities of the individuals converge. |
|
http://www.mises.org/humanaction/chap15sec1.asp
(1136 words)
|
|
| |
| | The German social market economy and its changes |
| | Social Market Economy means a mixture between a classical liberal way of thinking and social, state managed elements. | | | In this first period the "fathers" of the Social Market Economy, Ludwig Erhard (minister of trade and commerce then chancellor) and Andreas Müller-Armack (permanent secretary in the ministry of trade and commerce) held the most important positions in economic policy. | | | Another aim of the Social Market Economy was to create and develop an economic order which could be accepted by any ideology so that all forces in society could be focused on the common task of assuring the basic living conditions and the rebuilding of the economy. |
|
http://tiss.zdv.uni-tuebingen.de/webroot/sp/spsba01_W98_1/germany1b.htm
(2061 words)
|
|
| |
| | EH.Net Encyclopedia: The Economy of Ancient Greece |
| | Their contribution to the economy was only to demand the surplus produce of the countryside, manufacture limited amounts of goods, and provide market places and ports of trade for the exchange of goods. | | | Such state expenditures could have a significant impact on the economy, as is clear from the large quantities of money and labor that appear in the inscribed accounts of the building projects on the Athenian acropolis. | | | The main economic concerns of the governments of the Greek city-states were to maintain harmony within the private economy (make laws, adjudicate disputes, and protect private property rights), make sure that food was available to their citizenries at reasonable prices, and obtain revenue from economic activities (through taxes) to pay for government expenses. |
|
http://www.eh.net/encyclopedia/?article=engen.greece
(13030 words)
|
|
| |
| | Krakow 2004 |
| | Indeed, the social economy is an intrinsic mechanism of sustainable development, based on solidarity, equity and reasoned acceptance of the principles of a regulated free market. | | | Such enterprises, known as "enterprises of social economy", contribute largely to the internal market, local and regional development and social cohesion.This has often been underlined by the various European Institutions. | | | Furthermore, thanks to its activities - which are neither under the public sector, nor the for-profit private economic sector and which is not guided solely by profit - the social economy has been for more than one century a model of education for democracy allowing to meet the needs of the citizens. |
|
http://www.krakow2004.coop
(394 words)
|
|
| |
| | Social Economy Development Project |
| | The European Union is developing strategies building on social economy themes such as: job quality; new forms of working organisations; combating forms of discriminatory practice in the labour market; mainstreaming opportunities and learning from social economy activity - both organisational, for the individual and the involvement of beneficiaries. | | | The social economy has also become an important element of the social and economic policy agenda of the UK government and the European Union. | | | Social Economy refers to the whole of the ‘not for personal profit’ and mutual aid sector. |
|
http://www.socialeconomybristol.org.uk/content/1-05.htm
(2419 words)
|
|
| |
| | Social Economy |
| | Social economy enterprises are a component of the social economy that are run like businesses, producing goods and services for the market economy, but manage their operations and redirect their surpluses in pursuit of social and environmental goals. | | | The social economy is an entrepreneurial, not for profit sector that seeks to enhance the social, economic and environmental conditions of communities. | | | Separate from the private sector and government, the social economy includes co-operatives, foundations, credit unions, non-profit organizations, the voluntary sector, charities and social economy enterprises. |
|
http://www.wd.gc.ca/ced/se/default_e.asp?printVersion=1
(647 words)
|
|
| |
| | The social economy is no panacea for social exclusion |
| | The term social economy is commonly used to denote the market for services sold by not-for-profit organisations in response to local welfare needs not met by the state or the private sector. | | | The study concludes that social enterprises in the right places and with the relevant support do have a role to play in complementing provision and regeneration via the state and the market. | | | These social economy organisations are seen as important sources of new work and new types of welfare provision at the local level. |
|
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2001-11/esr-te110201.php
(903 words)
|
|
| |
| | Social Economy Info sheet |
| | Development raises issues beyond the obvious business issues of market building and resource identification and allocation in social economy organisations with a complex of objectives amongst which profit maximisation is but one. | | | The social economy is the sector of activity that functions for social purposes. | | | Increasingly social firms are seen as a useful strand of provision by social services throughout the country. |
|
http://www.avoncda.coop/socialeconomy.htm
(2891 words)
|
|
| |
| | Siebert, H.: The German Economy: Beyond the Social Market. |
| | In this book, one of Germany's most influential economists describes his country's economy, the largest in the European Union and the third largest in the world, and analyzes its weaknesses: poor GDP growth performance, high unemployment due to a malfunctioning labor market, and an unsustainable social security system. | | | The definitive word on the postwar German economy to the present day, The German Economy is essential reading for economists and finance professionals as well as students, researchers, and others interested in modern-day Germany and its place and prospects at the heart of Europe. | | | Taking a broader view than other recent books on the German economy, he considers Germany's fiscal policy stance, product market regulation, capital market, environmental policy, aging and immigration policies, and its system for human capital formation as well as Germany's role in the European Union, including the euro zone. |
|
http://www.pupress.princeton.edu/titles/7948.html
(602 words)
|
|
| |
| | FedNor - Social Economy Backgrounder |
| | The social economy is ‘economic&; in that it involves the production of goods or services and their sale in the market economy. | | | The social economy is relevant to the Government of Canada from a variety of policy perspectives. | | | It is also ‘social’ in that its main objective is to meet the needs of the community, including disadvantaged or vulnerable members, and because of the values (democratic process, collective empowerment, etc.) on which its governance and operation are based. |
|
http://strategis.ic.gc.ca/epic/internet/infednor-fednor.nsf/en/fn02344e.html
(511 words)
|
|
| |
| | S/R 37: A Green Economy Cannot Be a Market Economy (Don Fitz) |
| | A market economy is based on corporations, legal entities that own social wealth and compete with each other for profit. | | | A market system means that private corporations are the dominant form of production which determines the direction of the economy. | | | If you are seeing this in the context of a market economy, try imagining total economic failure and the most massive unemployment the world has ever seen. |
|
http://www.greens.org/s-r/37/37-13.html
(2708 words)
|
|
| |
| | Amazon.com: The German Economy : Beyond the Social Market: Books: Horst Siebert |
| | product market regulation, social absorption, social market economy, competitive order, export position, world market share, institutional setup, maneuvering space | | | SIPs: product market regulation, social absorption, social market economy, competitive order, export position (more) | | | We recommend this excellent, comprehensive and straightforward book, which clearly sets out the author's diagnosis and prescription for the German economy: reform its approaches to education, social equity, subsidies, trade and more. |
|
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0691096643?v=glance
(926 words)
|
|
| |
| | Social Security, Medicare Buoyed By Strong Economy - April 28, 1998 |
| | Perhaps the most contentious reform option involves privatizing some parts of Social Security, allowing individuals to invest some of their funds in the stock market, for example. | | | WASHINGTON (April 28) -- A strong economy has Social Security and Medicare in better shape today than they were a year ago, according to the programs' trustees. | | | The improved economy delays the projected insolvency of the Social Security trust funds by three years, to 2032, and Medicare will not run out of money until 2008, seven years longer than last year's projection. |
|
http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1998/04/28/social.security
(475 words)
|
|
| |
| | The Ethical Foundation of the Market Economy: A Reflection on Economic Personalism in the Thought of Luigi Sturzo |
| | The market economy, for being able to increase production and to distribute wealth more effectively, depends on the value of liberty and ethical principles, which are contained in its system. | | | Sturzo is aware of the fact that in free countries the market economy prevails as a natural extension of the principle of liberty in all spheres of human activity, and that in dictatorial countries, the command economy prevails. | | | Buchanan affirms that political economy is a manufactured product, shaped by the choices of people. |
|
http://www.acton.org/publicat/m_and_m/2001_fall/felice.html
(8489 words)
|
|
| |
| | Germany - The Social Market Economy |
| | Beyond these principles of the social market economy, but linked to it, comes a more traditional German concept, that of Ordnung, which can be directly translated to mean order but which really means an economy, society, and polity that are structured but not dictatorial. | | | The Germans proudly label their economy a "soziale Marktwirtschaft," or "social market economy," to show that the system as it has developed after World War II has both a material and a social--or human--dimension. | | | The term "social" is stressed because West Germans wanted an economy that would not only help the wealthy but also care for the workers and others who might not prove able to cope with the strenuous competitive demands of a market economy. |
|
http://countrystudies.us/germany/136.htm
(498 words)
|
|
| |
| | Charles Horton Cooley: Political Economy and Social Process |
| | On the whole, it would seem that the ingenious but circumscribed science of political economy deals with social process almost wholly in its immediate and somewhat transitory aspects —such as that of market valuation—and is not, in a large sense, a science of process at all. | | | Charles Horton Cooley: Political Economy and Social Process | | | It means much waste and misdirection of social resources, but also the fostering of important interests which a more equal distribution of power might possibly neglect. |
|
http://spartan.ac.brocku.ca/~lward/Cooley/Cooley_1918a.html
(3049 words)
|
|
| |
| | China's Social Security System |
| | A healthily operating market economy is an economy which allocates social resources on the basis of a market mechanism. | | | While proposal for the establishment of a socialist market economic system was put forward for the first time, deepening reform of the social security system was also clearly defined for the first time as one of the important links in the reform of the economic system. | | | China is a developing country and is in the reform stage for establishing a socialist market economic structure, our policy of distribution and redistribution of income should embody the principle of priority to efficiency and due consideration to fairness. |
|
http://www.cato.org/events/china/papers/jie.html
(11383 words)
|
|
| |
| | Germany - The Social Market Economy |
| | Beyond these principles of the social market economy, but linked to it, comes a more traditional German concept, that of Ordnung, which can be directly translated to mean order but which really means an economy, society, and polity that are structured but not dictatorial. | | | The term "social" is stressed because West Germans wanted an economy that would not only help the wealthy but also care for the workers and others who might not prove able to cope with the strenuous competitive demands of a market economy. | | | The Germans proudly label their economy a "soziale Marktwirtschaft," or "social market economy," to show that the system as it has developed after World War II has both a material and a social--or human--dimension. |
|
http://countrystudies.us/germany/136.htm
(498 words)
|
|
| |
| | People's Weekly World Newspaper Online - Why the shift to a socialist market economy? |
| | Without comparable market forces, a socialist planned economy competing with a capitalist economy on the world market must have a theoretical basis for consciously relating prices to labor input in a similar manner and providing a comparable stimulus for technological advance. | | | The decision in Vietnam, China, and, to a lesser extent, Cuba to move to a socialist market economy should therefore not be considered a retreat but a historical-materialist recognition of the necessity of not skipping stages of social evolution. | | | In a market economy, on the other hand, technological advance is a matter of life and death for the enterprise. |
|
http://www.pww.org/article/articleprint/3740
(698 words)
|
|
| |
| | Political Affairs Magazine - Unfinished Business: Socialist Market Economy |
| | While many similar economic and political tools may be used by both the socialist market economy and market socialism, the types of social formations and their final objectives differ. | | | In other words, the socialist market economy is designed for transition from an early capitalist or even pre-capitalist society, and the focus is to create the prerequisites for socialism that were put in place in the societies of developed industrial capitalism. | | | It's important to note that the idea of socialist market economy is somewhat different from market socialism, although in practice itís sometimes difficult to distinguish. |
|
http://www.politicalaffairs.net/article/view/26/1/1
(1312 words)
|
|
| |
| | SALISE 5th Annual Conference CARICOM Single Market Economy Presenters Papers |
| | Cross-national Social Citizenship in the CARICOM Single Market and Economy | | | The Role of Competition Policy in Regional Integration: The Case of the CARICOM Single Market and Economy | | | The Caribbean Single Market and Economy (CSME): Effects on the Small Business Enterprise (SBE) |
|
http://www.uwi.tt/salises/workshop/csme/people.html
(326 words)
|
|
| |
| | WCC decries free-market economies - 12/15/98 |
| | Now economies in these countries are failing, their infrastructure is crumbling, basic monetary, utility, social and health services are underfunded and unpredictable. | | | Condemning "globalization," its term for free-market economies, the WCC said it would work for the establishment of "global governance" that will reign in the activities of transnational corporations, making them accountable to an international body. | | | In spite of the fact that most investors enjoyed a major bull market in 1997, WCC investment income dropped from 10,774,000 CHF to 5,669,000 CHF. |
|
http://layman.org/layman/news/news-around-church/wcc-global-governance.htm
(739 words)
|
|
| |
| | Conference on The Social Economy in Central, East and South-East Europe: Emerging Trends of Social Innovation and Local Development |
| | Second, they analysed the tools and strategies that the social economy employs: what are the key factors that define good practices in labour market integration and social inclusion, what is the role of partnerships and networking in developing social innovation. | | | The conference aimed to increase understanding of the issues and policy options in terms of how best to leverage the advantages of social economy organisation in fostering social cohesion at both local and regional levels. | | | The conference also aimed to strengthen international co-operation, identify “best practices”, develop policy recommendations and agree on policy initiatives in support of social economy development. |
|
http://www.oecd.org/document/29/0,2340,en_2649_34417_34450717_1_1_1_1,00.html
(413 words)
|
|
| |
| | ipedia.com: Social market economy Article |
| | Social market economy is the German model of economy. | | | Social market economy is the German model (pattern) of economy. | | | It is not to be confused with socialist market economy which is the economic model for the People'... |
|
http://www.ipedia.com/social_market_economy.html
(122 words)
|
|
| |
| | ZNet Commentary: Tsunami, Mangroves and Market Economy |
| | Can Wolfensohn justify the financial backing doled out to the aquaculture and tourism sectors by drawing a balance sheet of the costs and benefits, including the social cost involved? | | | In an era of market economy, that was reflected through misplaced Shining India slogan, the bureaucrats are in league with the industrialists and big business interests. | | | Kerala in south India, marketed as "God's own country", destroyed the mangroves in a desperate bid to lure the tourists. |
|
http://www.zmag.org/sustainers/content/2005-01/10sharma.cfm
(1682 words)
|
|
| |
| | China:Socialist market economy direction of reforms: Hu(cozying up with Putin) |
| | BEIJING, June 29 (Xinhuanet) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao said that China will adhere to reforms for a socialist market-oriented economy and continue to deepen reforms in its economic, political, cultural and social management systems, noting that systematic innovation will be further encouraged in China. | | | China:Socialist market economy direction of reforms: Hu(cozying up with Putin) | | | The activities cover such fields as politics, economy, culture,education, science and technology and non-governmental exchanges and are significant for deepening traditional friendship and boosting mutually beneficial cooperation, said Hu. |
|
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1433799/posts
(819 words)
|
|
| |
| | AllRefer.com - Germany - Social Market Economy - Ludwig Erhard and the Grand Coalition German Information Resource |
| | AllRefer.com - Germany - Social Market Economy - Ludwig Erhard and the Grand Coalition | | | Considered by many as "unnatural" because the coalition partners came from opposite ends of the political spectrum, the coalition was seen as a temporary solution needed to gain the cooperation of the trade unions and stabilize the economy. | | | The export-oriented economy received another boost with the creation of the European Economic Community (EEC--see Glossary) by the Treaty of Rome in March 1957. |
|
http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/germany/germany41.html
(922 words)
|
|
|
