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| | Rational pricing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Rational pricing is the assumption in financial economics that asset prices (and hence asset pricing models) will reflect the arbitrage-free price of the asset as any deviation from this price will be "arbitraged away". | | | The difference between the agreed price and the amount owed is the arbitrage profit. | | | In a futures contract, for no arbitrage to be possible, the price paid on delivery (the forward price) must be the same as the cost (including interest) of buying and storing the asset. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_pricing
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| | Psychological pricing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Psychological pricing is a theory in marketing that these prices have a psychological impact that drives demand greater than would be expected if consumers were perfectly rational. | | | However, some suggest that intentionally awkward pricing was adopted primarily to control employee theft, before the turn of the 20th century when stores expanded beyond owner-operators and used cash registers. | | | Given that the parity of wholesale prices is evenly distributed, it is unnatural that sale prices end more frequently in odd numbers. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_pricing
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| | Price-at-Risk: A methodology for pricing utility computing services |
| | For example, if the pricing decision follows the investment decision, the person making that pricing decision might not be driven by profit maximization. | | | However, assigning prices to each item in the product line (“how to price”) is perhaps the most important task in the pricing process and is the only one that is performed by the “pricer” alone. | | | Whereas most companies use the century-old cost-plus pricing, this pricing method is especially inadequate for services on demand because these services have uncertain demand, high development costs, and a short life cycle. |
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http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/sj/431/paleologo.html
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| | Financial economics: economics financial mathematical, 1986 economics financial, access banking economics edition financial kit market money myeconlab plus seventh |
| | How are the prices of financial assets: stocks, bonds, currencies, and commodities, determined? | | | In recent decades, a lot of work has concerned itself with the prices of derivatives, financial instruments that derive their value from other, underlying, assets. | | | Arbitrage is always a self-terminating activity -- it brings prices to a level at which it can no longer occur. |
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http://wikipedia.openfun.org/wiki/Financial_economics
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| | PM calls for economic and rational energy pricing - The Economic Times |
| | Rational pricing and distribution policies, he said, are the solution to power wastage and the best answer to the challenge of power conservation. | | | Prime Minister Manmohan Singh decided to take on the issue of subsidies and energy pricing head-on, when he said that the absence of rational tariffs was the root cause of all problems in the energy sector. | | | NEW DELHI: Rational and economic tariffs may soon become a ground rule for pricing in the energy sector. |
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http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/959030.cms
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| | PharmaMetrics - Success Stories |
| | The company expressed immediate interest in the software solutions, and also asked the PharmaMetrics team to develop Standard Operating Procedures, Standard Contract Shells, Pricing Guidelines and a set of Customer Prioritization questions to be utilized by their account management team in their goal of rational pricing. | | | One measure of success of the PharmaMetrics "rational pricing" methodology occurred at an offsite meeting. | | | The Director of National Accounts was "impressed with the development of a rational approach to contract issues. |
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http://www.pharmametricsinc.com/stories
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| | Automated Website Testing: IBM and Rational Pricing |
| | Let's hope that IBM isn't stuck in a mainframe mentality when it decides on what should be Rational pricing. | | | Rational is one of the big three makers of automated Website testing software, with a revenue of $689 million in its last fiscal year. | | | IBM could probably sell 20 times the current sales volume if it reduced the cost of Rational software to five or ten percent of what it is now. |
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http://www.ad-mkt-review.com/public_html/air/ai200301.html
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| | Zell/Lurie Real Estate Center at Wharton : Wharton Real Estate Review |
| | While the gap between asset pricing and market fundamentals should narrow as the economy and stock market recover, longer-term forces, such as the lower return expectations for all asset classes, more rational and efficient capital allocation and powerful demographic trends, should continue to be positive influences on the pricing for real estate investments. | | | Despite the weaker property market conditions, liquidity abounds, and asset pricing is rich. | | | Upon close examination it becomes clear that the pricing movement is completely in line with theoretical expectations. |
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http://realestate.wharton.upenn.edu/review.php?issue=spring2004
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| | PIB Press Release |
| | The Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh, emphasised the need to encourage a national debate on the need for the economic utilisation of energy and the imperative of rational pricing policy. | | | I do think that the Government must recognize, reward and honour such individuals and organisations at the same time I also believe that we must adopt an economically rational pricing policy that has the built in incentive for consumers to voluntarily try and conserve energy through its optimal and rational utilisation. | | | Without an economic pricing policy, albeit the one that is sensitive to social inequities and income disparities, it will not be possible for us to sincerely address the challenge of energy conservation. |
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http://pib.nic.in/release/rel_print_page.asp?relid=5639
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| | Worrisome oil prices : Need for a rational, transparent pricing regime,Indian Economy, News Analysis, India News Online |
| | However, while all these may succeed in staving off a price hike in the near future, its time that the government puts in place a more rational and transparent pricing mechanism. | | | However, it is also clear that the abysmal lack of transparency in the domestic oil retail pricing mechanism pattern has created a situation which has contributed to the current confusion and debate. | | | While this is good news for the consumer, it is time for a reality check on the current oil pricing regime in the country. |
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http://news.indiamart.com/news-analysis/worrisome-oil-prices-3596.html
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| | Energy pricing to have new approach - Sify.com |
| | Seeking a national debate on economic utilisation of energy and rational pricing policy, the Prime Minister said that without this it would not be possible to address the issue of energy conservation, a must for achieving the goal of electrification of the entire nation in the next five years. | | | In this backdrop, he talked of rationalisation of subsidies and a pricing policy with in-built incentives for consumers for efficient and rational consumption of electricity. | | | Regretting that in the past, private investment in the field of energy, particularly power, was encouraged without proper pricing and distribution policy, he said a "multi-faceted" approach on pricing in all forms of energy was the need of the hour. |
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http://sify.com/finance/fullstory.php?id=13629072
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| | roverv.htm |
| | The first is with Ferson, "Country Risk and Asset Pricing." The goal of this paper is to provide a unified framework for assessing risk and asset selection in a global context. | | | We noted that most of the asset pricing tests had been conducted within the paradigm of constant expected returns and risks. | | | However, this paper was one of the first attempts to study international asset prices in a conditional (time-varying returns and risk) framework. |
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http://www.duke.edu/~charvey/roverv.htm
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| | The Hindu Business Line : Towards energy conservation and rational pricing |
| | With the UPA Government committed to complete electrification of all household in the next five years, there are not many choices other than pursue a rational pricing policy since this alone is the "single most important energy conservation step" as the Prime Minister himself put it. | | | Dr Singh more than once singled out power sector in his speech and repeatedly warmed to the focal point that "in the final analysis, economic pricing is probably the best way to ensure economic and efficient use of any asset or resource". | | | The Planning Commission and its Deputy Chairman, Dr Montek Singh Ahluwalia, too have been underscoring the importance of bringing a modicum of minimum pricing reform in energy sector and in particular in the power sector. |
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http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2004/12/17/stories/2004121700600700.htm
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| | MCICOM.htm |
| | Thus, allowing peak/off-peak pricing would likely be very difficult to audit and verify that the correct periods were being rated as the peak period. | | | Given the dangers inherent in premature pricing flexibility under price caps, the Commission should not grant additional pricing flexibility unless there has been a clear demonstration that existing pricing flexibility is inadequate to respond to the level of actual competition. | | | Convergence to second-best pricing is not assured if demands for various services within the cap grow at very different rates and if (as is generally the case) lagged service quantities are used as weights for the price cap. |
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http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Common_Carrier/Comments/access_reform/samples/MCICOM.htm
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| | Manmohan for multi-faceted pricing in energy sector - Deccan Herald |
| | Pointing out that irrational pricing of energy was the core of the problem, Dr Singh sought a national debate on: The need for economic utilisation of energy and a rational pricing policy, The Prime Minister also lamented that loss of power on account of theft was being dismissed either as transmission and distribution loss. | | | Stating that the absence of rational pricing policy was the root cause of energy sector problems, the Prime Minister said:Whatever subsidies we offer, must be one in a transparent manner. | | | Favouring subsidies only on social, economic and political grounds, Dr Singh said the absence of rational pricing policy was the root cause problems in energy sector. |
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http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/dec152004/n21.asp
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| | Economy & Policy |
| | Seeking a national debate on the need for economic utilisation of energy and a rational pricing policy, he said a rational pricing policy was required for all forms of energy, including petroleum, LPG, kerosene, water and electricity. | | | Prime Minister Manmohan Singh today said irrational pricing of energy was the major cause of problems in the energy sector. | | | The country must, therefore, opt for an economically-rational pricing policy, with built-in incentives for consumers to try and conserve energy through its optimal and rational utilisation, he said.a |
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http://www.business-standard.com/common/storypage.php?hpFlag=Y&chklogin=N&autono=175495&leftnm=lmnu2&lselect=0&leftindx=2
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| | FPIC - xChange |
| | The predatory pricing environment of the past is diminishing as rational pricing returns to the marketplace. | | | Actuarially sound pricing is essential to maintaining the financial strength that creates long-term value for our shareholders. | | | Even in competitive markets, adequate pricing is essential to maintaining reserve adequacy and profitable growth. |
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http://www.fpic.com/x2.php
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| | 00inetco.html |
| | Once they found tools they felt would work, the authors expanded the option pricing calculations to 20 parameters for their model. | | | The 55-year-old journal is published by the Association for Investment Management and Research, a global, non-profit association that furthers the investment body of knowledge and establishes standards of professional conduct for its 42,000 members in 95 countries. | | | Real-options theory, a technique for valuing highly volatile options contracts, incorporates market price volatility, the tendency of conditions to return to an average rate of return over a specific period of time, and the risk-free rate of return to find an option's underlying value. |
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http://www.cfainstitute.org/pressroom/00releases/00inetco.html
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| | FPIC - xChange |
| | As a publicly traded company, FPIC is able to offer its policyholders the highest quality products and services, rational pricing, significant resources and specialized talent. | | | Our nonpublic competitors are often more focused on a single state, concerned with maximum access for insureds and somewhat more resistant to rational pricing. | | | The added discipline required of public companies results in close scrutiny of pricing, reserving and accounting practices that ultimately benefits our shareholders. |
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http://www.fpic.com/x6.php
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| | IBM Products - Australia |
| | IBM Rational® RequisitePro® is an easy-to-use requirements management solution. | | | IBM Rational® ClearCase® provides software asset management (SAM) for medium- to large-size teams. | | | Rational tools improve both individual and team capability |
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http://www.microway.com.au/catalog/ibm/products.stm
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| | PM For Rational Approach To Energy Pricing |
| | The Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh, said that rational approach to energy pricing is integral to any strategy aimed at improving efficiency of energy use and reducing the adverse environmental impact of excessive energy consumption. | | | A rational approach to energy pricing is integral to any strategy aimed at improving the efficiency of energy use and reducing the adverse environmental impact of excessive energy consumption. | | | Recent initiatives in promoting competition in various energy sub sectors, the introduction of market-determined pricing and encouraging fuel-efficient innovations in the automobile sector are a few steps in this direction. |
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http://www.indiainfoline.com/nevi/pmca.html
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| | SSRN-Rational Asset Pricing Implications from Realistic Trading Frictions by Jean-Pierre Zigrand |
| | Rational Asset Pricing Implications from Realistic Trading Frictions | | | SSRN-Rational Asset Pricing Implications from Realistic Trading Frictions by Jean-Pierre Zigrand | | | We study a simple rational expectations model whose asset pricing implications address some of the mispricings, informational inefficiencies and overreactions observed in real markets, without a need to resort to behavioural assumptions. |
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http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=302819
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| | outlookindia.com |
| | We need to work towards more rational pricing policies to ensure new investments," he said launching the Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojna. | | | "The challenge of rational pricing and distribution of electricity has to be addressed in a non-partisan manner. | | | "The challenge of economic generation, distribution and pricing of electricity has to be addressed in a non-partisan manner so that we can, in fact, ensure rapid spread of electrification across the country and can attract new investments in this vital sector," he added. |
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http://www.outlookindia.com/pti_print.asp?id=290171
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| | 5102-6296-5031945.html |
| | Attendees also balked at the price of the.NET developer seat, composed of both the Visual Studio.NET Architect Edition and a base set of Rational tools. | | | Let’s look at the issues surrounding the Rational acquisition, how it will potentially affect different constituencies, and whether, in the end, it really matters. | | | Given that Microsoft is in final beta with the next version of Visual Studio, and has been working closely with Rational during the development cycle, they’re assured of a compelling integration story for at least the lifetime of this release, i.e., the next three to five years. |
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http://techrepublic.com.com/5102-6296-5031945.html
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| | Navhind Times on the Web: Business |
| | UNI New Delhi April 4: The Prime Minister, Mr Manmohan Singh today said there is need to work towards a more rational pricing and distribution policies to ensure fresh investments in the power sector to generate more energy in the country. | | | PM stresses on more rational pricing, distribution policies | | | The Prime Minister said that the challenge of economic generation, distribution and pricing of electricity has to be addressed in a non-partisan manner to ensure rapid spread of electrification across the country. |
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http://www.navhindtimes.com/stories.php?part=news&Story_ID=040514
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| | Commonsense Software Pricing Helps Keep Costs in Check |
| | And the price was icing on the cake. | | | The $100 per employee annual price tag includes help from Sun Services with legacy migration, training on the new software, and technical support. | | | That means BCBSMA won't incur additional costs when it rolls out Java System Portal Server software to its partner and associate portals later oneven though the number of users could grow exponentially. |
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http://www.sun.com/solutions/documents/articles/hc_com_sens_aa.xml
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| | The Industry Standard: Guest Blog: Thomas Goetz: Rational Pricing for Broadband? |
| | The Industry Standard: Guest Blog: Thomas Goetz: Rational Pricing for Broadband? | | | Indeed, unlike cable service, there's no 'value added' in getting broadband - it's simply a pipe, without addons or options (which is why some providers have been deliberately slowing down service for most of their customers, in order to offer 'super high speed' access to those who pay more). | | | Now broadband is simply a matter of flicking a switch, and like basic phone service, should be priced accordingly. |
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http://www.thestandard.com/movabletype/thomasgoetz/archives/003303.php
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| | CTV.ca - 'More rational pricing' expected from Rogers - CTV News, Shows and Sports -- Canadian Television |
| | CTV.ca - 'More rational pricing' expected from Rogers - CTV News, Shows and Sports -- Canadian Television | | | "Bell is talking rational pricing too," he said. | | | "There's no question what I see in the market is a lot more rational pricing," Nadir Mohamed, president of Rogers Wireless, said in an interview. |
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http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/print/CTVNews/1024895721176_20304921?hub=CTVNewsAt11&subhub=PrintStory
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| | Theory of Rational Option Pricing |
| | The possibilities for further extension of the theory to the pricing of corporate liabilities are discussed. | | | Since the deduced restrictions are not sufficient to uniquely determine an option pricing formula, additional assumptions are introduced to examine and extend the seminal Black-Scholes theory of option pricing. | | | Explicit formulas for pricing both call and put options as well as for warrants and the new "down-and-out" option are derived. |
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http://www.defaultrisk.com/pa_related_06.htm
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| | The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Business |
| | The Planning Commission today called for an increase in plan allocation for irrigation by around Rs 6,500 crore per year but suggested a slew of politically sensitive measures, including a more rational electricity pricing regime and linking the subsidy policy of micro-irrigation to ground water status. | | | The MTA, which has made 318 policy recommendations and identified 59 priority areas, calls for a move towards more rational electricity pricing. | | | LIC Housing Finance Ltd has posted a decline in its consolidated net profit at Rs 146.22 crore for the year ended March 31, 2005, against Rs 169.12 crore last year. |
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http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050628/biz.htm
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