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| | Pullman Strike - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The Pullman Company controlled every aspect of their lives, and practiced "debt slavery" (one form of truck system), which kept workers under de facto contract by maintenance of large debts to the company store and to their "landlord," the Pullman Company itself. | | | During the major economic downturn of the early 1890s, George Pullman cut wages without an equivalent decrease in rent and other expenses. | | | Money owed was automatically deducted from workers' paychecks and frequently workers would never see their earnings at all. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pullman_Strike
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| | The Great Pullman Strike (Labor) by Dick Meister |
| | ARU members at Pullman formed a committee to demand that their pay also be raised to its previous level. | | | Meanwhile, however, Pullman paid its usual 8 percent annual dividend to stockholders, added more than $2 million to its reserves and refused to lower the rents and fees for utilities charged employees. | | | George Pullman, the corporation's cold, arrogant principal owner, responded by laying off several thousands of its 5,800 employees and cutting pay 25 to 50 percent. |
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http://www.dickmeister.com/id71.html
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| | THE PULLMAN STRIKE OF 1894 |
| | Answer: The stockholders of the Pullman company would be interested in anything that affected directly or indirectly the value of its property at Pullman. | | | Pullman's employees are taught by other employees, gets a bill charged at Mr. | | | Your task in this documentary problem is to write an account of the Pullman strike of 1894 with attention to the background of the Pullman community. |
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http://marchand.ucdavis.edu/lessons/HS/Pullman.html
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| | Pullman Company Strike |
| | Chicago newspapers expressed astonishment at the strike vote because George Pullman was considered a model employer and unemployment was high, making the strikers easy to replace with those desperate for any kind of job. | | | During this depression, now called a recession, Pullman wanted to preserve profits by lowering labor costs. | | | The public and the government took steps to reduce violent activity. |
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http://www.stfrancis.edu/ba/ghkickul/stuwebs/btopics/works/Pullman2.html
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| | H-Net Review: Georg Leidenberger on The Pullman Strike and the Crisis of the 1890s: Essays on ... |
| | Yet the context of the event is well charted, as the articles effectively demonstrate how the Pullman Strike provoked new perspectives on forms of labor organization, ideology, and politics, the organization of capital, as well as public discourse about industrial relations and social reform. | | | Notions of paternalism thus proved critical in workers and employers' strategies during the walkout, and would inform the rising reform consciousness as well. | | | Montgomery's conception of "society" includes organized labor and capital, yet makes little consideration of other social actors, cross-class reform coalitions, and the broader public treated by previous essays. |
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http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=11013943712282
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| | GREAT EPOCHS IN AMERICAN HISTORY |
| | A committee of the union wished to confer with the Pullman management, but were not allowed to do so. | | | Moreover, the stock of the company was selling above par; its dividends for the preceding year on a capital of $36,000,000 had been $2,520,000, while it had a surplus of undivided profits amounting to $25,000,000. | | | The Pullman Palace Car Company was not a railway corporation, but was engaged in manufacturing cars which it operated through written contracts with the railways. |
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http://www.usgennet.org/usa/topic/preservation/epochs/vol10/pg96.htm
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| | Broken Spirits: Letters on the Pullman Strike |
| | Not only did the company take on hundreds of new workers in place of the strikers, but total employment in the shops dropped. | | | But even the relief committee has exhausted its resources. | | | The public was more sympathetic with the plight of the Pullman workers. |
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http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/5363
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| | Pullman Strike |
| | The strike began when George Pullman cut hours and jobs without an equivalent decrease in rents, utility charges and the cost of products to his workers living in the company town. | | | Pullman seemed a perfect town to some, but the labor harmony could not withstand the major economic downturn of the 1890s. | | | The great Pullman Strike of 1894 occurred when three-thousand Pullman Palace Car Company workers went on a "wildcat" (without Union approval) strike in Illinois starting on May 11 of that year. |
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http://www.riograndesoftware.com/encyclopedia/p/pu/pullman_strike.html
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| | Historic Pullman - Chicago, Illinois |
| | Pullman does not believe that a great manufacturing concern can meet with the highest economic and moral success where the profit is unduly large to capital, with no corresponding benefit to labor. | | | With the support of the residents, the Pullman Civic Organization was formed and defeated this plan. | | | The housing was all sold by 1907 and has been privately owned every since. |
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http://members.aol.com/PullmanIL/history.html
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| | Online NewsHour: Origins of Labor Day -- September 2, 1996 PBS |
| | Browse NewsHour coverage of business and the economy. | | | Its residents all worked for the Pullman company, their paychecks drawn from Pullman bank, and their rent, set by Pullman, deducted automatically from their weekly paychecks. | | | But in 1893, the Pullman company was caught in the nationwide economic depression. |
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http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/business/september96/labor_day_9-2.html
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| | Pullman Strike, Debs, injunctions |
| | The first important case involving the use of an injunction in labor disputes occurred in 1894. | | | After the Panic of 1893 the Pullman Palace Car Company cut wages by 25% to reduce costs. | | | In the company town of Pullman, near Chicago, a strike by American Railway Union workers began as prices and rents remained fixed at their previous levels. |
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http://www.owlnet.rice.edu/~mwfriedm/terms/david16.html
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| | The Homestead and Pullman Strikes |
| | Carnegie provided money for civic buildings such as libraries as he cut wages. | | | Residents felt that the company had taken over every aspect of their life, and had taken their identity in the process. | | | Pullman residents lived in constant fear of their employer, worried that if they voiced any disparaging opinions about the town (an example of a modern utopia, according to many newspapers of the day), they would be reprimanded or, even worse, fired. |
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http://projects.vassar.edu/1896/strikes.html
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| | THE PULLMAN STRIKE OF 1894. |
| | Thorough, balanced examination of the Puilman strike of 1894 (though sympathetic to the struggling workers). | | | Does a very good job of understanding the psycho-social attitudes of each side, the reasons for the bitter passions and government intervention against the strikers. | | | PAGE LENGTHS, FOOTNOTES AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES: The title of the paper, usually typed in capital letters, is followed by a brief description of the paper and a specification of text page length (NOT including the bibliography or endnote pages), number of footnotes or citations, and number of bibliographic references. |
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http://www.academictermpapers.com/abstracts/1000/01121.html
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| | Pullman Strike |
| | Bid on auctions or use Buy it Now to purchase items from customer-rated sellers. | | | Find pullman strike at one of the best sites the Internet has to offer! | | | Find pullman strike at the Most Popular Sites |
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http://www.xcsearch.biz/pullman-strike.htm
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| | George Pullman |
| | However, he neglected to lower the rents or cost of groceries in the company town. | | | All Pullman employees were then required to sign a statement that they would never attempt to join a union. | | | A delegation of workers went to meet with Pullman and ask him to reduce these costs - the next day, these men were fired. |
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http://www.graveyards.com/IL/Cook/graceland/pullman.html
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| | Pullman Links on the Web - Historic Pullman Foundation |
| | Article on the start of the Pullman Company. | | | Pullman used this ranch and other businesses to raise the money he needed to realize his dream of creating the famed Pullman Palace Car Company. | | | A Vassar College student's work on the election of 1896, this piece covers the Pullman Strike and paralls it with the Homestead Strike of 1892. |
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http://www.pullmanil.org/links.htm
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| | Pullman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Pullman is the name of some places in the United States of America: | | | Pullman, Illinois, now within the city limits of Chicago, was a company town of the Pullman Company, where a famous strike took place in 1894. | | | Pullman, Washington is the home of Washington State University. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pullman
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| | Pullman Palace Car Strike |
| | Pullman porters worked long hours and were required to perform every conceivable passenger service. | | | To Debs this decision would spell the downfall for the ARU. | | | The pullman porters were working with a smile, not because they were grateful, but because they had no choice. |
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http://www.bgsu.edu/departments/acs/1890s/pullman/strike.html
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| | Pullman Strike |
| | A federal panel appointed to investigate the strike sharply criticized the company's paternalistic policies and refusal to arbitrate, advancing the idea of the need for unions and for increased government regulation in an age of large-scale industrialization. | | | The most famous and farreaching labor conflict in a period of severe economic depression and social unrest, the Pullman Strike began May 11, 1894, with a walkout by Pullman Palace Car Company factory workers after negotiations over declining wages failed. | | | While the use of an injunction for such purposes, upheld by the Supreme Court in 1895, was a setback for unionism, and while most public sentiment was against the boycott, George Pullman attracted broad criticism and his workers wide sympathy. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1029.html
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| | American Experience Chicago: City of the Century People & Events |
| | This was not unusual in the age of the robber barons, but he didn't reduce the rent in Pullman, because he had guaranteed his investors a 6% return on their investments in the town. | | | But the lovely village of Pullman, just south of Chicago (and now within city limits) operated like his rail car business, designed to make a profit for Pullman's investors. | | | Instead, Pullman locked up his home and business and left town. |
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/chicago/peopleevents/p_pullman.html
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| | Pullman strike - Columbia Encyclopedia article about Pullman strike |
| | Pullman strike, in U.S. history, an important labor dispute. | | | This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. | | | In 1880 he became national secretary and treasurer of the brotherhood, and in 1884 he was elected to the Indiana legislature. |
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http://columbia.thefreedictionary.com/Pullman+strike
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| | Essay: The Pullman Strike |
| | Summary: This paper examines the Pullman Strike of 1894, describes the conditions that led to the action, and the outcome of the strike. |
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http://www.essays-now.com/show_report.php?r_id=4849
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| | Labor Unrest under Cleveland |
| | Wage cuts were ordered by management as a response to declining demand for the cars during the depression. | | | From the standpoint of organized labor, the Pullman strike was more troubling than earlier confrontations. | | | Coxey remained active in politics for many years, running unsuccessfully for a number of offices and serving as mayor of Massillon from 1931 to 1933. |
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http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h795.html
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| | The Pullman Strike of 1894: |
| | In these texts the important players of the Pullman strike offer, in their own words, their views of the important currents that were captured by the activities surrounding the strike. | | | Following the opening paragraph, the chronology will appear as a list of dates paired with relevant facts. | | | The Chronology Page of the Pullman website will begin with a paragraph of introduction, to bring the reader into the context. |
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http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA99/kidd/resume/pullman.abstract.html
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| | CPL - Chicago Metro History Fair |
| | Issues raised included a national rail strike, the use of federal troops and company towns. | | | All buildings in the town were company owned and rented to workers, churches and stores. | | | This strike is widely regarded as being pivotal in labor history. |
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http://www.chipublib.org/003cpl/hf/pullman_strike.html
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| | Pullman strike - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Pullman strike |
| | This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. | | | US rail strike in 1894 involving George Pullman's Palace Car Company workers at Pullman, Illinois, and the American Railway Union led by Eugene Debs. | | | Midwestern railways were paralysed by July, but President Grover Cleveland sent federal troops to the Chicago strike centre, ostensibly to protect the US mail trains, crushing the strike. |
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http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/Pullman+strike
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| | A Great Picture of the Pullman Factory, Pullman Strike |
| | These are pictures of the Pullman factory, the most northern complex, taken in about 1980. | | | Jacob and his son Joe Dyrek both worked in the Pullman Railroad Factory as did many other members of the family. | | | In the 50's the small strip of land in front of the factory was partially cultivated with neighborhood gardens, the streets and yards were clean and there was very little trouble. |
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http://www.yellowairplane.com/MISC/Polish_Immigration/P6.htm
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| | Pullman Strike |
| | You know, or ought to know, that the introduction of machinery is turning into idleness thousands faster than the new industries are founded, and yet, machinery certainly should not be either destroyed or hampered in its full development. | | | In 1894 George Pullman, the president of the Pullman Palace Car Company, decided to reduced the wages of his workers. | | | When the company refused arbitration, the American Railway Union called a strike. |
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http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USApullman.htm
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| | Stan Iverson Memorial Library & Anarchist Archives: Kropotkin, Malatesta, Goodman, Moorcock, Proudhon, Parsons, ... |
| | Archived October 2005, as the original online page has disappeared | | | Stan Iverson Memorial Library and Anarchist Archives: Kropotkin, Malatesta, Goodman, Moorcock, Proudhon, Parsons, Pullman Strike |
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http://recollectionbooks.com/siml/library/index.html
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