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| | Military fiat - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | True fiat money has no trust or product value of its own, but is backed only by trust in the issuing government and its ability to collect taxes or require conversion of some other resource into currency. | | | In economics, fiat is one of three ways to guarantee the value of money, credit money and commodity money being alternatives - but both relying to some degree on the fiat. | | | The use of the military fiat to back economic transactions is what a given theory of political economy actually justifies, e.g. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_fiat
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| | [No title] |
| | The relation of fiat money, usury, debt interest, and commodity money is complex and must usually be established in a political economy as a whole. | | | What exactly is a "fiat" currency is a matter of some debate, with a spectrum of opinion that runs from hard money advocates which declare that anything other than a one to one currency basis is "fiat money", to a range of economic theories which hold that market dynamics enforce fiscal discipline. | | | As of 2004, most currencies in the world are fiat monies. |
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http://www.kisanji.org/default.aspx?modulo=wikipedia&arg=Fiat_money
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| | Fiat - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | As part of the recent divestitures, in 2003 Fiat shed its insurance sector, which it was operating through Toro Assicurazioni to the DeAgostini Group. | | | A Fiat sold in the US cost between $3,600 and $8,600 ($73,909 to $176,561 today). | | | Fiat had put a provision into its contract with GM that stipulated the company could force GM to acquire its automotive business. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiat
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| | IS-012000-Nolt |
| | Japan, India, and Pakistan have expanded military spending at roughly the same rate as their economies grew, so that spending as a percentage of GDP remained approximately constant at about 1, 3, and 7 percent, respectively. | | | During the 1990s, military spending rates in Taiwan and South Korea did not quite keep pace with their booming economies, but nevertheless real spending expanded significantly while China's stagnated. | | | Instead, these nations have steadily increased their real military spending as their economies grew. |
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http://taiwansecurity.org/IS/IS-012000-Nolt.htm
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| | Commodity Broker |
| | Despite the shift to fiat money, and credit money, direct commodity trade and barter has always remained active in the background in some form or another, and seems to have been revived due to global capitalism, wherein nearly every currency is widely traded as a commodity. | | | Whole developing nations may be especially vulnerable, and even their currency tends to be tied to the price of those particular commodity items until it manages to be a fully developed nation. | | | For example, one could see the nominally fiat money of Cuba as being tied to sugar prices, since a lack of hard currency paying for sugar means less foreign goods per peso in Cuba itself. |
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http://www.commoditybrokernet.com
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| | ::: Regional Center for Strategic Studies ::: |
| | A study therefore of military expenditure in Sri Lanka is then of topical interest as a phenomena of recent experience, as a problem in its impact on other sections of the economy, and in its influence on a more comprehensive concept of national security. | | | As with public expenditures, military expenditures too are subject to a similar budgetary formulation and allocation process that is generally applicable. | | | Less significant is the effect of foreign military aid on the adequacy of total reflection of defence expenditure figures. |
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http://www.rcss.org/policy_studies/ps_11.html
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| | Western States Legal Foundation-- Military Spending Impacts |
| | Topics include the military budget, military funding of university research, the impacts military spending, and the trade-offs between military spending and government spending on other types of programs. | | | Military research is broken down to department, service and agency level (e.g. | | | The National Priorities Project has a variety of useful information on the trade-offs between military spending and other kinds of federal expenditures. |
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http://www.wslfweb.org/milspend.htm
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| | Federalism and public finance in Nigeria |
| | This second series of military governments spanned a period of over fifteen years and saw further centralizing features including centralised collection and disbursement by the Federal Government of a new tax styled Value Added Tax (VAT) which became a proxy for state sales tax which was then abolished. | | | A new "revenue allocation act" was passed by the National Assembly in 1981 in which deliberate effort was made to allocate revenue to various tiers of government in relational to their constitutional responsibilities. | | | The main feature of this period was the recognition accorded local governments as a third tier of government in Nigeria to which revenue would be allocated directly from the Federation Account. |
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http://www.nigerdeltacongress.com/farticles/federalism_and_public_finance_in.htm
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| | Atomic Spaces: Introduction |
| | His influence on the Pentagon had been to ruthlessly enforce efficiencies of scale and mass-regulation to keep the project on time and budget. | | | The physical landscapes manufactured by the District formed one manifestation of a complex and evolving ideology blending corporate capitalism, government social management, and military codes of coercion and obedience. | | | Like everything within it, the photograph is standard issue. |
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http://www.press.uillinois.edu/demo/hales/intro.html
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| | Africa Economic Analysis - Economic policies, democratisation and investment inflow in Nigeria |
| | Our new democracy is coming with all the usual expensive trappings, such as a senate, house of assembly at the federal level and in all the states, assisted by municipal councils in all the local government areas of the country. | | | Whatever the motivation, the use of administrative fiat for the allocation of resources has also now failed, leading to liberalisation, deregulation and privatisation. | | | It is therefore not enough to have these political institutions, for even the legislators, never having been used to such structures will need time and practice to become sufficiently familiar with them to make governance efficient and effective. |
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http://www.africaeconomicanalysis.org/articles/gen/investmenthtm.html
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| | Africa Update |
| | Put another way, the absence of democratic governance in most of post-independence Nigeria, and the pervasiveness of authoritarian and corrupt civil regimes, as well as military dictatorships, have contributed significantly to the mismanagement of the country’s development prospects. | | | Finally, civilian politicians whose primary interest was not public service but self-enrichment spent an enormous amount of time fighting with each other, making it very difficult for the government to perform even basic functions. | | | I have watched with more than keen interest the preparations for and the conduct of the most recent elections in Nigeria, meant to reaffirm the country’s commitment to the democratic process. |
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http://www.ccsu.edu/afstudy/upd11-4.html
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| | Armed force |
| | Military investment in science and technology sometimes produces side benefits, although some claim that greater benefits could come from targeting the money directly towards things that would improve life instead of ending it. | | | They exist to further the foreign policy program of their governing body. | | | The state of readyness of a military organisation may be indicated by its DEFCON state (US) or BIKINI state (UK). |
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http://www.brainyencyclopedia.com/encyclopedia/a/ar/armed_force.html
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| | University of Minnesota Human Rights Library |
| | The Foreign Minister insisted, however, that the military government is a democratic government, albeit a de facto government, and that it "is not a dictatorship". | | | As regards a timetable for these changes, which the Minister predicted "will be opposed by some", he informed the Commission that the new Constitution will be ready "very soon". | | | Cabinet members, pursuant to the 1987 Constitution, are chosen by the Prime Minister with the approval of the President. |
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http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/iachr/country-reports/haiti1988-ch1.html
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| | San Francisco Bay View - National Black Newspaper of the Year |
| | But their profits and funds are not derived from military research grants alone. | | | UC has invested $33,046,370 in Lockheed Martin Marietta, one of the largest military industrial corporations, and $21,471,120 in General Dynamics, one of the two biggest U.S. manufacturers of DU weaponry. | | | UC is now in the position of managing, developing, producing, promoting, proliferating, investing in and profiting from Weapons of Mass Destruction - thermonuclear weapons and depleted uranium weaponry. |
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http://www.sfbayview.com/120804/nuclearweapons120804.shtml
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| | DAWN - Irfan Hussain; 22 March, 2003 |
| | Now that elected provincial assemblies and governments in place, they are trying to reclaim the powers their predecessors earlier enjoyed, and view the councillors as upstarts. | | | Now, however, we are in the peculiar situation of having an elected opposition that might trigger yet another military intervention. | | | The LFO has no such sanctity and that is why it cannot and must not be incorporated into the Constitution without a proper debate and vote. |
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http://www.dawn.com/weekly/mazdak/20030322.htm
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| | Nigeria: Recent Documents, Part 2 |
| | The consensus among the majority of Nigerians, even if we don't agree about exactly the way forward now, must be to terminate the military in any future political management of Nigeria. | | | In the absence of these positive steps, Nigerians, the US government and the World Community, including TransAfrica, really have no choice but to continue to mount pressure on the Nigerian government to do the right thing. | | | First, the untidy departure of the Obasanjo military regime following the "13 is two-thirds of 19" Shagari election of 1979 did not augur well for our democratic future, and the massive rigging of the elections four years later merely confirmed the earlier charade. |
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http://www.africaaction.org/docs95/mal9506.htm
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| | Official languages of the US Antimoon Forum |
| | Every license or permit is a use tax and is financial slavery, you are controlled in every aspect of your life. | | | Are you not required to obtain a license from the de facto government for every aspect of commerce, and the use of their military script/fiat money? | | | All licenses came about after the Fourteenth Amendment and the military occupation, which we are now under. |
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http://www.antimoon.com/forum/t103-45.htm
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| | RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY |
| | Turkey thus relinquishes the $15 billion in cash and loans the U.S. offered in exchange for its aid, as well as the opportunity to deploy its own troops to Iraqi Kurdistan. | | | In "Business Week" magazine, Stan Crock writes on the options for the governance of a postwar Iraq. | | | The Turkish parliament as well as top military commanders and government officials were split over the issue of Iraq. |
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http://www.rferl.org/features/2003/03/04032003174236.asp
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| | FindLaw's Writ - Falvy: The Limits of Free Speech in the Military |
| | Robert Patterson, a former military attache in the Clinton White House, worries that he might be court-martialed for his recently-published, best-selling tell-all screed, Dereliction of Duty: The Eyewitness Account of How Bill Clinton Endangered America's Long-Term National Security. | | | The UCMJ is not the product of military fiat, but rather a 1950 act of Congress. | | | Their military service is more likely a temporary status than a career choice. |
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http://writ.news.findlaw.com/scripts/printer_friendly.pl?page=/commentary/20030619_falvy.html
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| | Fiat Pax :: Let There Be Peace |
| | If the primary funders of scientific research and development continue to be corporate and government entities motivated by profits or seeking ever more effecient weapons systems, our collective knowledge will continue to decline in its constructive and peace making potential. | | | Our efforts to uncover and understand the militarization of universities in the United States is part of a larger movement that seeks intellectual freedom and social responsibility in the university, and democracy, equality of opportunity, and social justice in the entire educational system. | | | Fiat Pax is a project to explore these questions with a specific emphasis on the militarization of science, technology, and higher education. |
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http://www.fiatpax.net
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| | Essay - MORAL CHAOS |
| | If not a liberal state, Pinochet at least bequeathed a secure and prosperous one, having provided prudential government from what appears to have been a disinterested sense of the public good. | | | Then there is Abdullah Ocalan, leader of a Kurdish separatist military organisation, the Kurdish Worker’s Party (PKK). | | | Chile, which Pinochet ruled by military fiat from 1973 to 1989, is a remarkable country. |
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http://www.aijac.org.au/review/1999/241/essay241.html
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| | Whither Delta State |
| | The present occupant of the Government House has now been tested and he has performed creditably. | | | With huge financial resources at his disposal and good management ability to his credit, he was able to entice and assemble a crop of then hungry grassroots political activists from the diverse nationalities in the state. | | | Prior to its creation, there was a flurry of requests from the nationalities that make up the present Delta state for the creation of their preferred state. |
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http://www.nigerdeltacongress.com/warticles/whither_delta_state.htm
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| | Thelemapedia: The Encyclopedia of Thelema & Magick Knights Templar |
| | This, and the Templars' original banking of assets for suddenly-mobile depositors, were two of many shifts towards a system of military fiat to back European money, removing this power from Church orders. | | | The Knights' involvement in banking over time grew into a new basis of money as Templars became increasingly involved in banking activities. | | | While some historians and authors have tried to draw a link from Freemasonry and its many branches to the Templars no such link has been claimed by these organizations nor proven. |
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http://www.thelemapedia.org/index.php/Knights_Templar
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| | Freeflight Design Shop |
| | Dan Parent in association with Frank Safranek has updated Bill Alderson's DC-10 to a KC-10A 'Extender'. | | | The Antonov An-12 by Alexander Belov; an updated Fokker F.27 by Michael Pickney and Frank Safranek which also includes the Fairchild version (be sure to read Frank's text on this aircraft). | | | Update by Joseph Cruz-Bello of his original with Bill Alderson. |
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http://www.freeflightdesign.com/news99.html
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| | Fiat Pax :: Universities and the Military |
| | The committee's mandate was to conduct research in service of America's military. | | | Prior to WWII there had been no serious attempt by the federal government to fund academic research. | | | Toward the wars end the future of academia and the military were bound. |
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http://www.fiatpax.net/unisandmil.html
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| | The Sun News On-line Opinion News |
| | This slogan emerged as a spontaneous rejection of a policy decision on education that was promulgated by the Obasanjo military regime when Dr. Ali was Federal Commissioner of Education. | | | We have always argued that the simplistic and generalised dismissal of military government in Nigeria as having been corrupt and inefficient ignores certain complex and relevant truths. | | | President Obasanjo has been very successful in presenting this approach to political expectations as the core element of his legacy and those who hold high positions in the politics of the day, such as the party Chairman, are beholden to this perception whether they like it or not. |
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http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/opinion/2005/sep/1/opinion-01-09-2005-001.htm
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| | Fiat |
| | By the end of World War I, Fiat had developed the A 14, the world's most powerful engine in production and merged SIA into the parent firm. | | | Fiat's engine division continued as a separate company and was renamed Fiat Aviazione in 1976 and simply Avio in 2003. | | | After the war, Fiat entered the jet age by building U.S. and British aircraft and engines under license as well as light aircraft of their own design. |
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http://www.shanaberger.com/engines/fiat.htm
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| | Our People Must Enjoy The Dividends Of Democracy |
| | The present exercise, being the first to be carried out by a democratically elected government, took into consideration the need for both administrative and political liberation, as well as self-determination and self-actualization. | | | Governor Adamu used the occasion to lament that former exercises in local government creation were done with military fiat, an exercise that gave the people little or no opportunity to fulfill their aspirations for administrative independence. |
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http://www.nasarawastate.org/news/newlg_creation10527220957.htm
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| | Kòmbò Mason Braide |
| | Clearly, the military model is just not right for managing democratic systems of governance, simply because the ultimate ambition in politics is not to become a general, even if the ultimate ambition of some generals is to become politicians. | | | However, when the general can no longer figure out how to win the war, and the communication systems begin to break down, the military model becomes a serious liability. | | | Meanwhile, the Nigerian government is persistent about following, to the letter, the |
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http://www.nigeriavillagesquare1.com/Articles/Braide
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| | Untitled Document |
| | They were climaxed by the imposition of military rule and Negro-carpetbagger government over the South for and Negro-carpetbagger government over the South for the next ten years. | | | As the leading figure of the Joint Committee on Reconstruction set up by Congress in 1865, Stevens was the most radical of the "Radical Republicans" responsible for the Freedmen's Bureau Bill, the Civil Rights Bill, The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments, all measures designed to aid the Negro. | | | The legacy was an "age of hate" that sharpened racial antagonism, unified the southern whites into the Democratic party, embittered political life, and delayed the social and economic revival of the southern states. |
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http://www.phmc.state.pa.us/ppet/stevens/page5.asp
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| | ips/conflict-watch/Forum1 |
| | igeria's military government of General Sani Abacha is instituting a ruthless assault on the country's independent media. | | | The rights group noted that beyond the named men, there were reports of yet more journalists having been incarcerated without charge or trial. | | | Kenyan NGOs are campaigning to draw local and international attention to the human rights abuses by Nigeria's military regime. |
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http://www.ips.org/watch/For1.htm
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| | Fiat Lux: Bush's Military Record |
| | Bush's military record should be a scandal not merely for what it contains (or rather, doesn't) but because of the extent to which it has been tampered with and lied about in the past eight years or so. | | | One of the sections I didn't quite get about Fahrenheit 9/11 was the big deal Moore made over one name being blacked out of Bush's military records. | | | The full post is here, has links to lots of detail backing up his claims that Bush's records are a scandal, and is, like the rest of his blog, well worth reading. |
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http://www.rluxemburg.com/archives/000199.html
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| | Amazon.com: Atomic Spaces: Living on the Manhattan Project: Books |
| | It goes into the social, economic, racial, and moral cost of the project. | | | It puts into perspective the relationship between the military, the government, big buisness, and the American people for this last half of the twentieth century. | | | In no uncertain terms it demonstrates the true cost of entering the atomic age. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0252022963?v=glance
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| | DIFFLOCK.com - Military 4x4 |
| | The ASA GUARDIAN is an armoured security vehicle based on the platorm of FIAT total terrain military vehicle "Campagnola" | | | THe ASA was designed and constructed to be employed as an agile armoured vehicle for internal security operations by military and police units, such as riot control functions, escorts and special patrol services. | | | The armoured glasses were the latest development in military technologies at the time. |
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http://www.difflock.com/military/asa_guardian/index.shtml
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| | 10/26/99 Committee on the Judiciary - Guttadauro Statement |
| | Following the war, my father emigrated to the United States, married my mother (a native-born American citizen), continued his profession as an accountant, and became a naturalized American citizen residing in San Francisco, California. | | | It is a riveting account of personal integrity and courage as documented by the lives of Americans who were destined to confront World War II. | | | Documentaries of military tribunals treating civilian citizens in such an arbitrary manner can be seen almost weekly on the History Channel, but most such examples were filmed over half a century ago in Nazi Germany or Communist Russia. |
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http://judiciary.house.gov/legacy/gutt1026.htm
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| | History of Nova Scotia, TOC, Book 3, The Early Days of Louisbourg. |
| | Reasons for the Founding of Louisbourg (restated); Dried Cod Out - Rum & Tobacco In; Some Numbers; The Guinea Trade; The Skyline of Louisbourg; The Daccarrette Family of Louisbourg; The French Out Hustle the English; The Acadian Bread Basket; Famine at Louisbourg. | | | The purpose of Louisbourg; Accommodations; Outlying Garrisons; Lonely Men and Alcohol; Deserters, Dress; Fighting, Indian Style; Fortress Louisbourg; Costs; A Cut Stone & A Painting of St. John's Baptism; Structures of Louisbourg: Lighthouse, Hospital, & Convent; The Engineers & The Contractors; Louisbourg today, a military Brigadoon. |
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http://www.blupete.com/Hist/NovaScotiaBk1/Part3/TOC.htm
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| | The SCGP - First Universe |
| | 2134: Sun's End military research post established on Pluto | | | 2192: Sun's End imposes military fiat upon the outer-system colonies and begins construction of a third colony vessel | | | 2327: Sol League begins construction of two near-solar-orbit military shipyards, Amaterasu and Helios |
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http://users.rcn.com/jasp.javanet/scg/univ1.html
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| | Military, Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force, Pictures, Master Page by Wernher Krutein and PHOTOVAULT® |
| | No use, reuse, copying or reproduction is allowed without PHOTOVAULT'S specific agreement and permission, not even on the internet. | | | Military, Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force, Pictures, Master Page by Wernher Krutein and PHOTOVAULT® |
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http://www.photovault.com/Link/Military/MILITARYMASTER.html
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