If you are searching for money

About us  |  Why use us?  |  Press  |  Contact us

Topic: Law (principle)

Ads by Google      WKA2.html 741) "of nationality by descent, is foreign to the principles of the common law, and is based wholly upon statutory enactments." It has been pertinently observed that if the statute of Edward III had only been declaratory of the common law, the subsequent legislation on the subject would have been wholly unnecessary. Justice Story, held that the case must rest for its decision exclusively upon the principles of the common law; and treated it as unquestionable that by that law a child born in England of alien parents was a natural-born subject; quoting the statement of Lord Coke in Co. Lit. Undoubtedly, this language of the Constitution was used in reference to that principle of public law, well understood in this country at the time of the adoption of the Constitution, which referred citizenship to the place of birth." 19 How. http://www.angelfire.com/la/lawgiver/WKA2.html      information on zipf's law These papers may be about "Pareto's principle", "Lotka's law", "Bradford's law", "Benford's law", "Heaps' law", etc, or may be about power-law in general. Paretos principle : The cumulative distribution function (CDF) of incomes, i.e. Due to the "second form" of the Zipf's law, as well as relationship between Zipf's law and other empirical laws, papers that do not explicitly contain the key word "Zipf's law" are also included occasionally. http://www.nslij-genetics.org/wli/zipf/index.html      Woodiwiss: Globalisation, Human Rights, and Labour Law... Because law has this transpositioning role and in order that its operation should be a source of order rather than disorder, and notwithstanding the variable competence of legal practitioners, the methodological principle according to which texts are related to facts and therefore adjustments made to power balances must be that of consistency. The entry of Kigyoshugi into labour law has transformed the conception of the employment relationship in the private sector that was basic to both the New Constitution and the 1949 Trade Union Law. Thus where labour law systems do not include provisions relating to co-determination and/or such title-sharing as the Swedish Wage Earner Funds, their pertinence is largely confined to a set of relations (possessory) that are of decreasing significance as loci of power within contemporary economies. http://www.bsos.umd.edu/CSS97/papers/woodipap.html   (12447 words)      Fair Housing Case Law Dred Scott v. Sandford Page 2 Certainly, it must be, unless the first decision of a principle of law by a State court is to be permanent and irrevocable. Now, it follows from these principles, that whatever force or effect the laws of one State or nation may have in the territories of another, must depend solely upon the laws and municipal regulations of the latter, upon its own jurisprudence and polity, and upon its own express or tacit consent. If the principle of this decision be applicable as between different portions of one and the same empire, with how much more force does it apply as between nations or Governments entirely separate, and absolutely independent of each other? http://www.prou.net/utilities/caselaw/dredscott2.html   (12447 words)      Transformation of Systems in Middle and Eastern Europe and its Consequences for Banks, StockExchanges and Security Rights - the maintenance of the "unity of civil law" principle 8, which means that the main ruling of commercial entities is contained in the civil code, and that there is no differentiation between commercial contracts and civil law contracts 9. As mentioned, labor law choices taken during the '80 in Poland, or partial reforms adopted in Russia in the late '80, have significantly hampered the action of privatization agencies in those countries in the '90. Besides unlimited partnership, the Law on Business Associations provides for two types of companies: the limited liability company, and the stock company, having relinquished the partnership limited by shares, which was included in a pre-socialist commercial code of 1932 17. http://www.jus.unitn.it/cardozo/Review/Business/Ajani-1997/ajani.htm   (5786 words)      National Socialist Law and Legislation - Stormfront White Nationalist Community And so the National Socialist law follows a different principle from that on which the status of a dictatorship is legally based. The threatening collapse proved clearly that the existing laws were inadequate to the vital needs of the nation and that a change in juridical practice, or the passing of individual measures or supplementary laws, would have been insufficient to eliminate such profound defects. The laws in regard to labour, which were based on the idea of a permanent conflict of interests between employers and employed, were unable to maintain industrial peace, which is so necessary to national existence. http://www.stormfront.org/forum/showthread.php?t=88707   (5250 words)      Orion > Orion Magazine > July August 2003 > Mark Dowie The decision asserted that common interest in some resources take precedence over long-term private use and invoked the principle of jus publicum -- that certain resources are of so common a nature they defy private ownership. Native groups, represented by the environmental law firm Earthjustice, fought to restore the streams and their traditional uses, while suburban developers and their lawyers fought to keep the water flowing through the Waiahole Ditch for use on golf courses, and for condominiums and new hotels. Manufacturers with no reason to invest in costly toxic disposal dumped their waste into public waters, while courts enamored of free enterprise ignored the pleas of fishermen, swimmers, and other downstream water users. http://www.oriononline.org/pages/om/03-4om/Dowie.html   (3539 words)      Legisloation firm from Byelorussia WWW Belarus The Law is aimed at creating conditions for large-scale economic initiatives and entrepreneurship of the citizens on the basis of implementation of the principle of equality of all forms of ownership, freedom of property disposal and choice of spheres of activities. The Law is aimed at securing independence of an enterprise, determines its rights and responsibility in carrying out economic activities, regulates relations between an enterprise and other enterprises and organizations, Soviets of Deputies, state administrative bodies, acts in combination with other laws of the Republic of Belarus. In addition to the taxes and duties stipulated by the present Law, non-tax payments established by the legislation shall be transferred to the budget of the Republic of Belarus. http://www.belarus.net/softinfo/lowcatal.htm   (3539 words)      Space Habitat - Space Law "Most of our laws and regulations governing space activity were written to make it easier for government to function in space. As an example, under existing law, governments are liable for damage caused by any launches from their territory. Unfortunately existing space law consists mostly of some inter-governmental treaties negotiated during the cold war, which are quite inappropriate for business. http://www.spacefuture.com/habitat/law.shtml   (3539 words)      Shapiro Cohen -The Law of Industrial Design Designs that are solely dictated by a function of the article, or a method or principle of manufacture or construction are not registrable. As a design can only be protected in the country in which a registration is issued, separate design registrations are required for each country. Only the proprietor of a design may authorize the filing of a registered design application in Canada. http://www.shapirocohen.com/lawinddesign.htm   (3539 words)      Commission for Labor Cooperation Labor authorities may certify the union without an election when the employer's unlawful conduct destroys the conditions for free choice by employees. U.S. labor law is enforced throughout the United States by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB or Board). In Mexico, the labor law system and the union organizing system are fundamentally different from the systems of the United States and Canada in the treatment of plant closings and threats of closing. http://www.naalc.org/english/nalmcp_3.shtml   (3170 words)      Diminishing Marginal Utility 1 In economics, we speak of a law or principle of diminishing marginal utility. The "Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility" states that for any good or service, the marginal utility of that good or service decreases as the quantity of the good increases, ceteris paribus. This is "diminishing returns" from the viewpoint of the consumer, and is a general principle of economics. http://william-king.www.drexel.edu/top/prin/txt/MUch/Eco416.html   (3170 words)      U.S. INDUSTRIAL DESIGN/TRADE DRESS LITIGATION MAY BE AVOIDABLE In the U.S. the law in the area of both unfair competition and trademarks is thus a hybrid of statutory principles and equitable rulings by the judiciary. Statutory changes in this area of the law are generally few and far between and, when compared to the accretion of the common/case law by the courts, might be said to constitute general pronouncement(s) of principle believed by Congress to be both acceptable within the mainstream of domestic economic and social thought and non-disruptive internationally. Although efforts are underway in the European Community toward harmonization of the various laws of the member countries in the Industrial Design area, few believe this or broader international agreement on the scope and substance of a sui generis Industrial Design law to be imminent. http://www.oblon.com/Pub/anderson-1.html   (3170 words)      Medieval Sourcebook: Aquinas on Law Law pertains to that which is the principle of human acts because it is a rule and measure. Law is a certain plan directing acts to their end. Thus the Jurist says, "No reason of law or advantage of equity allows us to interpret harshly and render burdensome those healthy measures which were originally enacted for man s welfare." http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/aquinas2.html   (5257 words)      NEWS & LETTERS, November-December 2005 - The law of value in capitalist society Baran states categorically that the law of value is a "principle ruling the working of a CAPITALISTIC society" and that the only consequence of trying to apply that notion to socialism "is to deprive the ‘law of value’ of all its meaning and significance" (p. Lange confuses the law of value with the formation of price through a misinterpretation of the Marxian thesis that the lower the stage of production the more do prices reflect values; the higher the stage of production the more do they deviate from value. Marx, on the other hand, maintained that the deviation of price from value is not an aberration of the law of value but only its MANIFESTATION; no matter how individual prices deviate from value, the sum of all prices, according to Marx, is equal to the sum of all values. http://www.newsandletters.org/Issues/2005/Nov-Dec/RDC_Nov-Dec_05.htm   (1778 words)      Computers vs. the Peter Principle by Gary North The Peter Principle vies with Parkinson’s Law as one of the two most fundamental laws of bureaucracy. One [school] administrator told me: "I wish I could pass all the dull pupils and fail the bright ones: that would raise standards and grades would improve. He later offered a corollary: "Expenditure rises to meet income." http://www.lewrockwell.com/north/north286.html   (2380 words)      Selected Speeches of Kossuth: Chapter 9 And we believe that this great principle of international law should be the basis of the intercourse of nations, and that we have no more right to make free with the forms of government of other nations, than with their forms of religion. Solely by inducing those nations which are strong enough to maintain the principles of international law--to unite in their support and by such union, effectually to guarantee the peace of the world. We will, by all constitutional modes, endeavour to sustain upon those principles, which will terminate this outrage upon the sacred laws of justice and humanity. http://www.hrfa.org/kossuth/kos9.html   (2380 words)      Copyright and Globalization in the Age of Computer Networks - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) For instance, NAFTA actually contains provisions, I believe, allowing companies to sue another government to get rid of a law that they believe is interfering with their profits in the other country. For instance, this is one of the goals of the so-called free trade area of the Americas, to extend this principle to all the countries in South America and the Caribbean as well, and the multilateral agreement on investment was intended to spread it to the whole world. The law in 1998 that extended copyright by 20 years is known as the "Mickey Mouse Copyright Extension Act" because one of the main sponsors of this law was Disney. http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/copyright-and-globalization.html   (10816 words)      Greshams Law - Columbia Encyclopedia article about Greshams Law Gresham's law: see under Gresham, Sir Thomas Gresham's law, the economic principle that in the circulation of money "bad money drives out good," i.e., when depreciated, mutilated, or debased coinage (or currency) is in concurrent circulation with money of high value in terms of precious metals, the good money is withdrawn from circulation by hoarders. It was thought that Gresham was the first to state the principle, but it has been shown that it was stated long before his time and that he did not even formulate it. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. http://columbia.thefreedictionary.com/Greshams+Law   (157 words)      CBS News Gimme Shelter October 19, 2003 20:50:34 Jenkins and Gilchrist, one of the largest law firms in the country, wrote the principle legal opinion that Ernst and Young provided to Camferdam and other people who bought the Cobra tax shelter. These are complicated financial transactions that involve little risk and exploit technicalities and loopholes in the law for the sole purpose of avoiding taxes. “They had opinion letters from two major law firms in the country, supporting this and saying that this tax shelter was good and it would pass an audit,” says Camferdam. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/10/16/60minutes/main578497.shtml   (1977 words)      Foreign Dispatches: Getting the "Law of One Price" Wrong Matthew Yglesias has been putting up posts on the Law of One Price, in which both he and the great majority of his commenters make very clear that they don't get what this economic principle is really about. In fact, the Law of One Price says something considerably weaker and far less controversial: that under a free trade regime, commodity prices will converge so that there are no profit opportunities for would be arbitrageurs. One of the most fundamental laws of economics is the law of one price. http://reti.blogspot.com/2004/04/getting-law-of-one-price-wrong.html   (371 words)      Law of Demand: Principle stating that as the price of a commodity increases, the less consumers will purchase per unit of time, ceteris paribis. As price decreases, the quantity demanded increases per unit of time, ceteris paribus. http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/are012/lecture/lectur13/tsld028.htm   (371 words)      Wicksteed, The Common Sense of Political Economy, Book II, Chapter 5: Library of Economics and Liberty Thus, although the industry obeys the law of increasing returns as interpreted in the return to labour of the material product, the law of diminishing returns is illustrated in the return to labour as measured in command of other commodities. Let us then suppose that some individual industry illustrates the law of increasing returns in the sense that if an increasing volume of human effort were devoted to it, land, capital, and so forth, could be obtained on such terms that the marginal effectiveness of labour, measured by product in bulk, would increase. The "law of decreasing returns," on the other hand, as ordinarily stated, is, as we have seen, the mere enunciation, with special reference to land, of an axiomatic and sterile proposition. http://www.econlib.org/LIBRARY/Wicksteed/wkCS14.html   (5148 words)      Formalism and Anti-formalism under Socialist Law: the Case of General Clauses within the Codification of Civil Law They were diachronically inconsistent, and reflected the change of attitude that occurred before, and after, the establishment of Soviet law as “the law of the Socialist State”. Gianmaria Ajani (2002) "Formalism and Anti-formalism under Socialist Law: the Case of General Clauses within the Codification of Civil Law", Global Jurist Advances: Vol. Formalism and Anti-formalism under Socialist Law: the Case of General Clauses within the Codification of Civil Law http://www.bepress.com/gj/advances/vol2/iss2/art4   (512 words)      Pace Environmental Law Review, Doug Balog Stare decisis is a policy of courts to abide by decided cases and not disturb a settled principle of law. Therefore, state laws authorizing municipal fluoridation of water do not benefit the majority of the public, and thus do not promote the health, safety, and welfare of Americans, the majority of whom are adults. The problem with health laws specifically targeted at children is that children constitute only a minority of the general public because "[t]he most recent year in which a majority of families included at least one child among their members was 1982.... http://www.rvi.net/~fluoride/000074.htm   (512 words)      Supreme Law Library : Court Cases : Dred Scott v. Sandford : dredscot And it is obvious from the law they passed to carry into effect the principles and provisions of the ordinance, that they regarded it as the act of the States done in the exercise of their legitimate powers at the time. Because, under the Constitution and laws of the United States, the rules which govern the pleadings in its courts, in questions of jurisdiction, stand on different principles and are regulated by different laws. And for the same reason, and upon the same principles, where the defect of jurisdiction is patent on the record, this court is bound to reverse the judgment, although the defendant has not pleaded in abatement to the jurisdiction of the inferior court. http://www.supremelaw.org/decs/dredscot/dredscot.htm   (512 words)      Welcome to Haworth & Lexon Before the commencement of CLERP Act, Eggleston Principle were reflected in s 731 of old Corporations Law (CL), which states that when Australian Securities and Investment Commission(ASIC) makes modification or declaration of takeovers provision it should consider those principles. The Corporate Law Economic Reform Program(CLERP) was announced by the Treasurer in March 1997 and aimed to "promote business and market activity leading to important economic outcomes including increased employment, by enhancing market efficiency and integrity and investor confidence." One of the main changes in CLERP Act is takeovers law. In short, the first three principles require that the shareholders should be ensured to have knowledge of the offerors identity, have the information of all matters relevant to the merits of proposal and have sufficient time reasonably to assess the merits of the proposal. http://www.hllawyers.com/law-en-publications/law-en-publications-2.htm   (512 words)      hongkong.txt Article 3 The executive authorities and legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be composed of permanent residents of Hong Kong in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law. Article 107 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall follow the principle of keeping expenditure within the limits of revenues in drawing up its budget, and strive to achieve a fiscal balance, avoid deficits and keep the budget commensurate with the growth rate of its gross domestic product. Article 18 The laws in force in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be this Law, the laws previously in force in Hong Kong as provided for in Article 8 of this Law, and the laws enacted by the legislature of the Region. http://www.constitution.org/cons/hongkong.txt   (9348 words)      EC301 Lecture Notes #2a Thomas Malthus, for example, predicted that wages would always tend towards subsistence (a principle once known as the iron law of wages), because whenever a surplus was available, population would grow. Though he assumed the iron law of wages held, scarce farmland would make subsistence more expensive. Factory owners would have to pay higher wages to cover higher food costs, their profits would fall, and their ability to invest in additional capital would fall. http://unr.edu/homepage/elliottp/ec301/ec301s02lec2a.html   (1588 words)      Encyclopedia: Pareto principle The so-called Pareto principle (also known as the 80-20 rule, the law of the vital few and the principle of factor sparsity) states that for many phenomena 80% of consequences stem from 20% of the causes. The Pareto principle is unrelated to Pareto efficiency, which was introduced by Vilfredo Pareto, himself. The Pareto distribution, named after the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, is a power law probability distribution found in a large number of real-world situations. http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Pareto-principle   (1039 words)

	About us   |  Why use us?   |  Press   |  Contact us Copyright © 2006 Finance Records.org Usage implies agreement with terms.