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| | Government bond - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | A government bond is a bond issued by a national government denominated in the country's own currency. | | | Government bonds are usually referred to as risk-free bonds, because the government can raise taxes or simply print more money to redeem the bond at maturity. | | | Bonds issued by national governments in foreign currencies are normally referred to as sovereign bonds. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_bonds
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| | Government Debt Has No Upside - Mises Institute |
| | Government finance is a messy affair, particularly when politicians use "off budget" expenditures and other gimmicks to cover their tracks. | | | The overall debt is the sum total of all previous deficits and surpluses (due account being made for interest). | | | Each government bond represents a claim on taxpayers, but if those bondholders consist entirely of US taxpayers, the size of the debt is irrelevant to total financial wealth. |
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http://www.mises.org/story/2006
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| | EconLog, Government vs. Private Debt, Arnold Kling: Library of Economics and Liberty |
| | The debt of the US will not be repudiated. | | | I think what works for household debt also works for government debt: borrowing to pay for capital expenditures, especially those that generate long-lived utility in excess of their repayment costs makes sense, whereas going into debt to pay for consumables, operating expenses and maintenance is foolish and unsustainable. | | | Government debt to finance improvement in the capital stock -- and only in clearly defined areas where private debt and investment is impossible -- permitted. |
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http://econlog.econlib.org/archives/2004/01/government_vs_p.html
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| | Government Debt |
| | The Principle: Government must not incur debt, nor should it be allowed to hold assets, for these are debts incumbent on and assets taken away from the individuals of this country. | | | Governments facing fiscal crises should always default in preference to raising taxes. | | | The Issue: Government debt forces individuals to assume debt that they did not choose to incur; distorts capital markets and rates and ruins the economy. |
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http://www.reformthelp.org/platform/debt
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| | The Daily, Monday, April 26, 2004. National Graduates Survey: Student debt |
| | Most education debt was to government student loan programs: 41% of college graduates and 45% of bachelor graduates left school with government student loans. | | | Most student debt was in government student loans | | | College graduates with debt to government student loan programs owed an average of $12,600 and bachelor graduates owed $19,500. |
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http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/040426/d040426a.htm
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| | State Government Debt - Michigan in Brief |
| | As the exhibit shows, all categories of state debt have grown during the 1990s (short-term debt is not included because the constitution requires it to be zero by the end of the fiscal year in which it is incurred). | | | Indirect debt is issued by a state authority in behalf of an entity other than state government. | | | To issue state general-obligation debt, the constitution requires a two-thirds vote by the legislature and approval by the voters in a general election. |
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http://www.michiganinbrief.org/edition06/text/issues/issue-54.htm
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| | FIN - The Central Government's Outstanding Debt |
| | Capital transactions, including debt amortisation, net lending to state entities and net equity investments, are covered by borrowing and/or reduction in the Treasury’s cash reserves. | | | Government bonds are credit risk free securities and serve as reference in the pricing of other types of financial instruments. | | | For complete information about the government debt and financial assets consult the annual Report to Storting on the State’s account St.meld. |
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http://odin.dep.no/fin/english/topics/economy/p10002765/bn.html
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| | Grandfather Federal Government Debt Report - page 1 - by MWHodges |
| | National debt is composed of different types of debt: debt by federal and state and local governments, international debt, and house-hold, business, and financial sector debt - - plus un-funded social security, Medicare and government pension contingent liabilities. | | | Federal Government Spending Report that the federal component of total government spending has grown from 3% of the economy to 25% of same - - an 800% increase in its share of the economy. | | | This compares to Fiscal Year 2004 debt of $7.4 Trillion ($7,379,052,696,330.32), Fiscal Year 2003 debt of $6.8 Trillion ($6,783,231,062,743.62), Fiscal Year 2002 of $6.2 Trillion ($6,228,235,965,597.16); Fiscal Year 2001 of $5.8 Trillion ($5,807,463,412,200.06); Fiscal Year 2000 (09/29/2000) debt of $5,674,178,209,886.86; $5,656,270,901,615.43 at end of FY 1999; and $5,526,193,008,897.62 at end of FY-1998). |
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http://home.att.net/~mwhodges/debt_a.htm
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| | The Truth About Government Debt |
| | Unlike a private sector business, our federal government should not be seeking out new ways to increase the scope of its dubious "services." Any government that consumes 40% of the most productive economy in the world and still can't balance its books is a government that vastly overspends. | | | The issue is not whether the Treasury has sufficient current income to service the debt, but rather whether a government that spends so much is leading us to ruin. | | | Obviously, if federal spending truly was being outpaced by revenues, the debt would not have increased. |
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http://www.lewrockwell.com/paul/paul20.html
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| | Learning Resources: Government Deficits and Debt |
| | Debt charges — the total cost of servicing or paying interest on the accumulated debt for one year. | | | Debt — the accumulated deficits of past years’ budgets. | | | Provincial governments argued that the federal government was trying to solve deficit problems at their expense. |
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http://www.statcan.ca/english/kits/defic1.htm
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| | Central Government Debt: Statistical Yearbook 1994-2003: 2005 Edition |
| | Borrowing requirements by governments to finance their budget deficits are met, in large part by funds raised on financial markets. | | | The coverage of the data is limited to central government debt issuance and excludes therefore state and local government debt and social security funds. | | | Government debt instruments attract both institutional and retail investors and have an important share in the portfolios of fund managers. |
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http://www.oecd.org/document/24/0,2340,en_2649_37467_30716248_1_1_1_37467,00.html
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| | The monetisation of Japan's government debt |
| | Japan's government debt is extremely high, especially considering the fact that the data exclude likely future liabilities stemming from an ageing population and possible requirements of the financial system. | | | Furthermore, the consolidated debt ratio could fall further depending both on the degree to which the monetary expansion is reversed to prevent inflation from rising too much and on the response of nominal interest rates to any temporary inflation that does occur. | | | Nevertheless, an offsetting factor is the degree to which the Bank of Japan has already monetised the debt. |
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http://www.bis.org/publ/work161.htm
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| | Government Debt vs Private Debt |
| | Nearly everyone views government debt as a future tax liability of the private sector. | | | But as long as the debt is viewed as a savings vehicle by the private sector, it is benign and a valuable asset for the nation. | | | Nothing about government debt in a fiat money system requires that it be paid off. |
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http://wfhummel.net/comparedebt.html
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| | Nationalbanken // Government Debt // Web document // Government Debt Management Policy |
| | The norm for foreign borrowing implies that redemptions on the foreign debt are refinanced by new foreign loans. | | | The Act empowers the Minister of Finance to raise loans on behalf of the central government up to a maximum of DKK 950 billion, which is the upper limit for the total domestic and foreign debt. | | | The overall objective of the government debt policy is to achieve the lowest possible long-term borrowing costs while maintaining risk at an acceptable level. |
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http://www.nationalbanken.dk/DNUK/GovernmentDebt.nsf/side/Government_Debt_Management?OpenDocument
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| | OECD Central Government Debt, International Comparisons - Data from 1980 Onwards |
| | Central government non-marketable debt (as a percentage of GDP) | | | Government Bonds (as a percentage of total marketable debt) | | | They are expressed either in million of US dollars or as a percentage of GDP. The coverage of the data is limited to central government debt issuance and excludes therefore state and local government debt and social security funds. |
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http://www.oecd.org/document/38/0,2340,en_2649_33725_33747430_1_1_1_1,00.html
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| | USATODAY.com - Government debt on the rise again |
| | Boosting the current debt ceiling to $6.4 trillion is expected to provide enough room for the government to borrow money until at least December — after the November elections for control of the House and Senate. | | | WASHINGTON (AP) — The Senate voted Tuesday to boost the government's debt ceiling by $450 billion, but election-year politicking continued to bog down the must-pass legislation in the House. | | | A federal default is considered unthinkable because it would irrevocably harm the government's credit rating, adversely affecting interest rates and the world economy. |
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http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2002/06/11/debt-limit.htm
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| | ADB Supporting Philippine Government's Debt and Risk Management |
| | In the face of the country's large debt obligations and contingent liabilities, the TA will support the Government's fiscal consolidation program by establishing a process for a more effective monitoring and coordination of debt and risk management activities. | | | This will allow the Government to identify, evaluate, quantify, and provide appropriate budget cover for debt obligations and risk exposure from contingent liabilities. | | | The size of the country's stock of debt and contingent liabilities, estimated at P5.8 trillion as of end-2003 or 137.5% of the country's GDP, makes prudent debt and risk management an essential component of any successful fiscal consolidation strategy for the Government. |
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http://www.adb.org/Media/Articles/2006/9166_Philippines_debt_management
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| | Government Debt |
| | National debt is the total amount of money owed by the government. | | | The government spends money largely on the Federal Reserve and government accounts, Foreign and international, private pension funds, mutual funds, State and local governments, Commercial banks and credit unions, State and local government pension funds, US Savings bonds, and last but not least Insurance companies. | | | Each year when politicians shout out that the “deficit is down”, this statement only mean that we are adding less to the national debt not reducing the debt. |
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http://userpages.umbc.edu/~hdang2
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| | Business |
| | The government's total domestic debt in 2005 was Rs. | | | The total outstanding government debt stock increased by 2.1 per cent compared to the end December 2004. | | | According to Central Bank Economic Indicators released last week total outstanding government debt was at Rs. |
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http://www.dailynews.lk/2006/01/20/bus01.htm
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| | Debt Consolidation |
| | Debt consolidation is the process of taking all of your high-interest credit card and consumer debt and bringing them together into one loan. | | | This can be an especially good way to reduce your consumer debt if you can get a loan against the equity in your house. | | | Reduce interest paid with a DMP (debt management plan). |
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http://www.insight-cpe.com
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| | Government Debt - New Zealand Debt Management Office - The Treasury |
| | The term "National Debt" refers to the debt that New Zealand entities (the Government and Corporates) owe to overseas entities. | | | It should not be confused with Public Debt, which is the debt of the Government of New Zealand. | | | It includes information memoranda for New Zealand Government securities issued in the wholesale market, background on New Zealand's financial markets, and an Economic and Fiscal Overview which provides a range of information on New Zealand, including debt statistics. |
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http://www.nzdmo.govt.nz/govtdebt
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| | Fraser Institute - Canadian Government Debt 1999 |
| | There are constant pressures on governments to deviate from a course of fiscal propriety as the unlimited demand for government programs collides with a limited capacity to raise tax revenues. | | | One of the most striking facts revealed when total government liabilities are compiled is that the optimistic picture that can be constructed for the direct debt is not matched by the outlook for other liabilities and, in particular, for future program obligations. | | | A constant or declining stock of debt and growing national income will release an increasing fraction of revenues from servicing debt and allow it to contribute to future budget surpluses. |
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http://www.fraserinstitute.ca/shared/readmore.asp?sNav=pb&id=213
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| | BBC NEWS Business Call to raise US debt threshold |
| | The US government has never defaulted on its debt in its 228-year history. | | | US government expenditure, swollen by the war in Iraq, exceeded revenues by a record $375bn in 2003, and the gap is forecast to rise again to $445bn this year. | | | The US national debt - the sum of previous annual budget deficits - currently stands at nearly $7.3 trillion (£3.9 trillion). |
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3529818.stm
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| | government debt consolidation |
| | Specializes in government debt consolidation for those looking for a quick and safe way to pay off their debt. | | | Debt Relief Network, Inc. is a team of knowledgeable, friendly, and experienced professionals dedicated to working with you to completely eliminate your credit card debt. | | | Debt Relief Network government debt consolidation designed to assist individuals and families overcome legitimate financial challenges. |
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http://www.1reducedebt.com/government-debt-consolidation.htm
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| | LP: GOVERNMENT DEBT - THE GREATEST THREAT TO NATIONAL SECURITY |
| | Unlike ordinary debts, however, government debts are not repaid by those who spend the money – they’re repaid by you and future generations." | | | The original idea behind the debt limit law was to shine a light on government spending, by forcing lawmakers to vote publicly for debt increases. | | | The rational response is to spend the fiat currency for goods that hold their value and pay off that debt with increasingly worthless fiat currency. |
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http://www.libertypost.org/cgi-bin/readart.cgi?ArtNum=76840
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| | HOW BIG IS THE GOVERNMENT'S DEBT? |
| | The spiralling growth in U.S. debt, and thus the requirement to service or roll over the debt, is creating the conditions, in the United States and globally, for the eruption of a hyperinflation of the type that ravaged Weimar Germany from March through November 1923. | | | It technically holds government bonds, but &; as a way of disguising the size of the federal deficit – the government doesn't count those bonds as debt. | | | The total debt calculation does not anticipate what additional taxes will be paid or benefits earned in the future. |
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/716733/posts
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| | U.S. National Debt Clocks |
| | The eye-popping $8 trillion gross national debt is owed by the "General Fund." That's the part funded by our income taxes. | | | The big red number is the "Gross National Debt," and the small red number is the "debt held by the public" -- as if borrowing $2 trillion form the Social Security Trust Fund was not borrowing from the public. | | | Half of that goes for the military and to pay interest on the debt. |
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http://zfacts.com/p/461.html
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| | Government Hits Debt Ceiling - CBS News |
| | The government can take similar actions with other government funds and there is a possibility it could make it to April 15 when a flood of tax payments will bolster government coffers. | | | This fund, which totals $48 billion, is used by the government to credit earnings for federal employees' pensions. | | | A group of conservative House Democrats promised to oppose any increase in the debt limit that was not coupled with a plan to deal with the rising deficits. |
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http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/02/05/politics/main539405.shtml
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| | NC Local Government Debt Setoff Clearinghouse |
| | These funds are placed into the local governments account with Capital Management of the Carolinas and appear in the standard files and reports. | | | The regional award sites can access debt information that has been submitted by the Debt Setoff Clearinghouse to the Department of Revenue. | | | With 43 new approved participating entities for 2006: 16 Counties, 21 Municipalities, 2 Joint Regional Authority, 1 Public Health Authority, 1 Sanitary Districts and 2 Water and Sewer Districts, the Clearinghouse is expecting even further growth in the amount of debts returned to local governments. |
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http://www.ncsetoff.org
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| | ARE DRUG TRAFFICKERS FINANCING US GOVERNMENT DEBT? - Gold & Silver Forum |
| | It indicates that $85 billion of the US debt was bought, in the form of purchased US government paper (bonds, securities, etc.), by "Caribbean Bank Centers." There is a 2 after that entry. | | | In the same way, the US government does not mind at all that billions of its debt are bought by drug traffickers. | | | The traffickers are permitted to go about their business, with the understanding that they will buy up a piece of the US national debt. |
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http://www.goldismoney.info/forums/showthread.php?t=16971
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| | USATODAY.com - Iraq to get new start with bond market |
| | The ministry will limit the amount of government debt state-run banks can buy in the auctions, to curb the threat of political interference in the bond market. | | | The creation of a government debt bazaar will bring the discipline of free markets to Iraqi government: If it overspends the way Saddam did, investors will demand higher interest rates. | | | Saddam's regime financed its overspending by borrowing from the central bank, which printed money to keep up with government demand. |
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http://www.usatoday.com/money/world/2004-07-07-iraq-bonds_x.htm
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| | National Review: Flunking the debt test - government debt collection |
| | The rate of default is approaching Latin American levels, with 300,000 borrowers, or 10 per cent of the total, expected to be in default this year on $3 billion in loans. | | | The Reagan Administration is turning to private debt collectors and is planning to garnishee wages as other creditors do. | | | More notably, it has asked the Internal Revenue Service to subtract student obligations from the tax refunds of defaulters. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_v38/ai_4307666
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| | THOMAS EDISON ON GOVERNMENT CREATED DEBT FREE MONEY |
| | It is a terrible situation when the Government, to increase the national wealth, must go into debt and submit to ruinous interest charges at the hands of men who control the fictitious values of gold. | | | The difference between the bond and the bill is that the bond lets the money brokers collect twice the amount of the bond and an additional 20 per cent, whereas the currency pays nobody but those who directly contribute to Muscle Shoals in some useful way. | | | Therefore it is the people who constitute the basis of Government credit. |
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http://www.prosperityuk.com/prosperity/articles/edison.html
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| | U.S. National Debt Clock |
| | The Treasury Department's Bureau of Public Debt also has their own Public Debt FAQ. | | | Debt Consolidation - Credit counseling can help lower monthly debt payments and prevent personal bankruptcy. | | | Grandfather Economic Report on Federal Government Debt - Ever wonder to whom this massive Debt is owed? |
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http://www.brillig.com/debt_clock
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