|
| |
| | Polder Model - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | This poldermodel, combined with an economic policy of privatization and budget cuts has been held responsible to the Dutch economic miracle of the late 1990s. | | | The current polder model is said to have begun with the Wassenaar Accords of 1982 when unions, employers and government decided on a comprehensive plan to revitalize the economy involving shorter working times and less pay on the one hand, and more employment on the other. | | | The Dutch polder model is characterized by the tri-partite cooperation between employers' organizations, labour unions and the government. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polder_Model
(777 words)
|
|
| |
| | Macroeconomics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The first global macroecomomic model, Wharton Econometric Forecasting Associates LINK project, was initiated by Lawrence Klein and was mentioned in his citation for the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel in 1980. | | | Macroeconomics is the study of the entire economy in terms of the total amount of goods and services produced, total income earned, the level of employment of productive resources, and the general behavior of prices. | | | Macroeconomics can be used to analyze how best to influence policy goals such as economic growth, price stability, full employment and the attainment of a sustainable balance of payments. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macroeconomics
(777 words)
|
|
| |
| | ECONOMIC RATIONALISM IN MANAGING SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE - THE AUSTRALIAN EXPERIENCE |
| | Economic rationalism has helped shape the current management model adopted for the public sector by the Victorian government. | | | The rigorous approach of economic rationalism adopted in the report was in tune with the Liberal government's micro-economic reform policy. | | | It was perceived as another move of economic rationalism to re-engineer the management of the state's data/information resources, particularly in the land administration and natural resources program areas. |
|
http://www.sli.unimelb.edu.au/research/publications/IPW/ERMSDI.htm
(5724 words)
|
|
| |
| | The Economic Base Model |
| | The course covers the economic base model of a region and the methodology of regional income and employment multipiers. | | | The economic base model says that there are some employment in a region which is serving the local market and some employment which is independent of the local market. | | | This model, which is fundamental to regional economics, is an elaboration of the intuitive notion of a regional economy being "based" upon a particular industry. |
|
http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/base.htm
(5724 words)
|
|
| |
| | Definition of Economics |
| | This includes observable forms of economic activity: money, consumption, preferences, buying, selling, prices etc. Some of the models are simple accounting models, while others postulate specific kinds of economic behavior, such as utility or profit maximization. | | | Formulation of models of economic relationships, for example, the relationship between the general level of prices and the general level of employment. | | | In many practical economic models, some form of "price stickiness" is incorporated to model the observed fact that in many markets prices do not move fluidly. |
|
http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Economics
(5724 words)
|
|
| |
| | Economic development - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | It is a model taking the peculiar economic situation in developing countries into account: unemployment and underemployment of resources (especially labor) and the dualistic economic structure (modern vs. traditional sectors). | | | The sources-of-growth measurement obtained from this model highlights the relative importance of capital accumulation (as in the Harrod-Domar model) and technological change (as in the Neoclassical model) in economic growth. | | | The Harris-Todaro (H-T) model of rural-urban migration is usually studied in the context of employment and unemployment in developing countries. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_development
(1549 words)
|
|
| |
| | Models |
| | The model assumes that needed imports of energy are partially met (depending on the country's economic ability) from the rest of the world. | | | For the economic model, part of the growth comes from the positive feedback inherent in the multiplier-accelerator effect commonly used in economic growth models: production provides income, which is either consumed or invested, leading to additional demand and increased production. | | | The model also includes balance of payment sector that ties in imports, exports, and foreign reserves. |
|
http://www.millenniuminstitute.net/national/model.html
(1549 words)
|
|
| |
| | Economic growth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | This model assumes that countries use their resources efficiently and that there are diminishing returns to capital and labor increases. | | | Economic growth boosts tax revenues and provides the government with extra money to finance spending projects. | | | The long-run path of economic growth is one of the central questions of economics; in spite of the problems of measurement, an increase in GDP of a country is generally taken as an increase in the standard of living of its inhabitants. |
|
http://www.sciencedaily.com/encyclopedia/economic_growth
(2051 words)
|
|
| |
| | John Quiggin - Journal Articles 1997 - Economic rationalism |
| | By the late 1970s, economic rationalists had largely adopted the microeconomic views of the Chicago school, rejecting ideas of market failure in favour of the belief that the simple neoclassical model of perfect competition was a good description of the economy, or would be in the absence of undesirable government intervention. | | | The assocation of economic rationalists with the financial and mining sectors is reflected in their attitudes to community services such as health and education, and to the environment. | | | More generally, 'economic rationalism' was used by Weber and Tawney to refer to the view that commercial activity, particularly borrowing and lending, represents a sphere of activity in which moral considerations, beyond the rule of business probity dictated by enlightened self-interest, have no role to play. |
|
http://www.uq.edu.au/economics/johnquiggin/JournalArticles97/Econrat97.html
(3971 words)
|
|
| |
| | HCMI Sector Model |
| | Stock prices in these sectors fall when rates are rising, so they're best to avoid in the late part of an economic expansion, especially when the Fed is boosting the Fed funds rate. | | | Because the stock market generally anticipates economic conditions by about six months, the best time to buy companies in these sectors is when economic growth has slowed and interest rates are falling (i.e., right now). | | | As a result, the economy veers from expansion (with risk of inflation) to contraction (with inadequate growth.) Different investment vehicles perform better or worse during different parts of the economic cycle. |
|
http://www.heroncapital.com/sectormodel.html
(3971 words)
|
|
| |
| | vitia: July 06, 2003 - July 12, 2003 Archives |
| | Microeconomics, the study of "individuals' tastes and productive abilities" (47), is the ne plus ultra of neoclassical economic analysis, according to Resnick and Wolff. | | | Furthermore, when we think about individual tastes, "Each and every individual is assumed [by neoclassical economic theory] to be able to express a preference for one good over another or to be indifferent between them" with the further assumption that each individual "always prefers more rather than less of any good or service" (51). | | | This preference is based on what neoclassical economic theory often calls the "utility" of the good or service, an index or marker that is not shared by Marxian economic theory (which Resnick and Wolff say uses, instead, the concept of "abstract labor time" [55], to be discussed at a later point in the book). |
|
http://www.vitia.org/weblog/archives/week_2003_07_06.html
(3971 words)
|
|
| |
| | ISNAR - Discussion Forum on Priority Setting in Agricultural Research |
| | The economic surplus model shows to what extent research-induced reductions in production costs may reduce market prices, and thus change the distribution of benefits between consumers and/or producers of a commodity in a way which simpler versions of benefit/cost analysis do not. | | | The logic involved in the economic surplus benefit/cost model requires some knowledge of economic theory, and application is hampered by several difficulties including that of obtaining the necessary data on elasticities of supply and demand (see below for definition). | | | Moreover, analysis in economic surplus terms can be used to show how economic policy interventions, such as commodity price ceilings, over-valued exchange rates, and/or subsidies and taxes, distort or even eliminate the welfare gains which might otherwise have been obtained from research. |
|
http://www.isnar.cgiar.org/fora/priority/MeSurplus.htm
(1052 words)
|
|
| |
| | Economic development - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | It is a model taking the peculiar economic situation in developing countries into account: unemployment and underemployment of resources (especially labor) and the dualistic economic structure (modern vs. traditional sectors). | | | The sources-of-growth measurement obtained from this model highlights the relative importance of capital accumulation (as in the Harrod-Domar model) and technological change (as in the Neoclassical model) in economic growth. | | | Here it is understood that the development process is triggered by the transfer of surplus labor in the traditional sector to the modern sector in which some significant economic activities have already begun. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_development
(1131 words)
|
|
| |
| | Harrod-Domar model - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Another criticism is that the model implies poor countries should borrow to finance investment in capital to trigger economic growth, however, history has shown that this often causes repayment problems later. | | | The model has been used to imply that economic growth depends on policies to increase saving (investment), and using that investment more efficiently through technological advances. | | | The model explains economic boom and bust by the assumption that investors are only influenced by output (known as the accelerator principle), this is now widely believed to be false. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrod-Domar_Model
(775 words)
|
|
| |
| | Harrod-Domar model - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Another criticism is that the model implies poor countries should borrow to finance investment in capital to trigger economic growth, however, history has shown that this often causes repayment problems later. | | | The model explains economic boom and bust by the assumption that investors are only influenced by output (known as the accelerator principle), this is now widely believed to be false. | | | The model also had implications for less economically developed countries; labour is in plentiful supply in these countries but physical capital is not, slowing economic progress. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrod-Domar_Model
(787 words)
|
|
| |
| | Tradeoffs between Commercial Timber harvest and |
| | The economic base model, while incomplete as a full model of the local economy, emphasizes this type of local economic stimulus: The harvest and processing of wood fiber leads to employment and its related income that circulates through the local economy stimulating locally-oriented economic activity. | | | Instead of focusing directly on the economic values at issue, the focus, instead, is on various measures of local economic activity. | | | From a local economic base point of view, trade center activities that serve a larger geographic area beyond a particular county could also be included as exogenous earnings. |
|
http://www.umt.edu/econ/papers/Timber%20Harvest%20and%20Protected%20Landscapes%20Paper.htm
(787 words)
|
|
| |
| | ECONOMIC RATIONALISM AND THE SCHOLARLY CULTURE |
| | Economic rationalism, thus broadly understood, is a discourse - a loose framework of thinking, something more untidy, less well-defined than an ideology - but one which favours a certain ideology, variously described as neo-liberal, neo-conservative, New Right, or perhaps the ideology of late twentieth-century capitalism, Anglo-American model. | | | Andrew Norton, a self-proclaimed economic rationalist, brings in something of this ideological dimension: economic rationalism is 'a large intellectual and political movement, encompassing a wide variety of views favouring a greater role for markets and a reduced role for government'. | | | Michael Pusey voices a widely shared concern when he writes that economic rationalism is 'a doctrine that says that markets and prices are the only reliable means of setting a value on anything' - value is equated with cost. |
|
http://www.anu.edu.au/caul/isaa/richards.htm
(1643 words)
|
|
| |
| | hrwp036.html |
| | The endogenous growth theory literature is used to specify a model of economic growth for Israel. | | | Hong Kong's superior labor force in terms of education and higher rate of TFP growth, supports endogenous technical change models which emphasize the supply of human capital as determining the ability of an economy to absorb new technologies. | | | The growth of human capital and the diffusion of skills across the board, which are strongly emphasized in new growth models, have proved to be very significant in the growth process of Korea. |
|
http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/hnp/hddflash/hcwp/hrwp036.html
(6410 words)
|
|
| |
| | US Fueled Argentina's Economic Collapse |
| | The economic model that the United States exports, with the International Monetary Fund in the role of enforcer, works like this: Developing nations are supposed to open their economies wide to foreign investment - to allow their banks, public utilities, and anything else to be sold to the highest foreign bidder. | | | THE ECONOMIC COLLAPSE of Argentina is the latest failure of the one-size-fits-all model that the United States tries to impose on developing countries. | | | The 2001 Nobel laureate in economics, Joseph E. Stiglitz, former chief economist of the World Bank, observed that the countries that have benefited most from globalization have been those that controlled the terms of engagement. |
|
http://www.commondreams.org/views02/0107-02.htm
(916 words)
|
|
| |
| | Economic Base Theory |
| | " The economic base technique is based on a simple causal model that assumes that the basic sector is the prime cause of local economic growth, that it is the economic base of the local economy." (Klosterman, p. | | | Economic Base Theory also posits that the local economy is strongest when it develops those economic sectors that are not closely tied to the local economy. | | | However, each of these techniques is based upon general Economic Base concepts like the assignment of firms to basic or non-basic sectors and the calculation of a base multiplier (or multipliers). |
|
http://garnet.acns.fsu.edu/~tchapin/urp5261/topics/econbase.htm
(916 words)
|
|
| |
| | Economic development - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | It is a model taking the peculiar economic situation in developing countries into account: unemployment and underemployment of resources (especially labor) and the dualistic economic structure (modern vs. traditional sectors). | | | Here it is understood that the development process is triggered by the transfer of surplus labor in the traditional sector to the modern sector in which some significant economic activities have already begun. | | | Economic development is the development of economic wealth of countries or regions for the well-being of their inhabitants. |
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_development
(1535 words)
|
|
| |
| | Economics Interactive |
| | The circular flow model may be the oldest formal economic model extant, tracing its origin back to the writings of the French physiocrat | | | The capital account in the balance of payments accounting system is conventionally a record of the flows of financial and economic capital between a country and its trading partners. | | | International capital markets are increasingly efficient, so that economic and financial capital flow across national borders rapidly (over $600 trillion annually) when investors perceive differences in expected rates of return. |
|
http://www.unc.edu/depts/econ/byrns_web/Economicae/EconomicaeC.htm
(1535 words)
|
|
| |
| | SWISS1 |
| | An economic surplus model (Alston et al 1995) was used to measure the potential returns to the research on genetic improvement of dual-purpose millet and sorghum. | | | One of the challenges in using the economic surplus model to measure the potential returns to research, therefore, was how to estimate research and adoption lags, probability of research success, and the ceiling level of adoption. | | | This area represents the total increase in economic welfare (change in total surplus), and comprises both the changes in producer and consumer surplus resulting from the shift in supply. |
|
http://www.ilri.cgiar.org/InfoServ/Webpub/fulldocs/impact3/Chapter5.htm
(3304 words)
|
|
| |
| | FRBSF: Economic Letter - Financial Crises in Emerging Markets (03/23/2001) |
| | The causes of the currency crises in emerging markets during the late 1990s have been the subject of much debate--especially considering that, before the crises, many of the Asian countries involved tended to have balanced budgets and generally sound macroeconomic performance. | | | A key element of the Chinn and Kletzer model is that financial crises may result from government guarantees to the private sector that encourage capital flows to emerging markets. | | | They cite empirical evidence in support of their model: the countries that were hit hardest by the Asian crisis also were the countries that had the greatest rise in foreign borrowing before the crisis, and loan quality deteriorated before the crisis in most countries. |
|
http://www.frbsf.org/publications/economics/letter/2001/el2001-07.html
(3304 words)
|
|
| |
| | Guardian Unlimited Special reports Economic growth |
| | The British economist, John Maynard Keynes, proposed an endogenous model of economic growth that suggests growth is largely self-adjusting, moving through a cycle of peaks and troughs, or boom and bust. | | | Economic growth is the most fundamental indicator of an economy's health - the rate at which national income is growing. | | | Other measures of economic growth include gross national product (GNP), which measures the total output of a country's citizens regardless of where they are living and working; and per capita GDP, usually measured in dollars, which gives a more easily comparable picture of countries' economic health. |
|
http://www.guardian.co.uk/recession/story/0,7369,763927,00.html
(806 words)
|
|
| |
| | American Journal of Economics and Sociology, The: A political economy approach to the neoclassical model of transition - New Perspectives on Transition Economics: Europe |
| | The neoclassical model of transition from a centrally-administered socialist economy to a capitalist market economy provided a set of liberalisation, stabilisation, and privatisation policies based on the neoclassical body of economic analysis. | | | The neoclassical model of transition was also adopted as the only solution to the transition problem by the international financial institutions--International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank--that provided financial aid upon the implementation of policies recommended by the neoclassical model. | | | Incorporating the institutional and political structure into the transition analysis, which is consistent with a political economy approach, further highlights the contradictions of shock therapy and gradualism, reinforcing the inadequacies of neoclassical economic analysis as being politically/institutionally naked. |
|
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0254/is_1_61/ai_84426601
(806 words)
|
|
| |
| | OIE - Revue A/180210 |
| | In addition, an economic surplus model was used to assess the distribution of welfare effects generated by the intervention. | | | The standard cost-benefit approach based on a computer spreadsheet model was used to assess the economic impact of rinderpest control. | | | The estimated average return from the ten countries (ECU1.8 for each ECU invested in the campaign) demonstrates that based on the sample of countries, rinderpest control in Africa has been economically profitable. |
|
http://www.oie.int/eng/publicat/rt/1802/a_r18210.htm
(391 words)
|
|
| |
| | Analyse économique |
| | This projects aim is the development of an evaluation model of different biotreatment scenarios from a technological and economic standpoint. | | | The availability, for a site manager, of decision-making tools allowing for a justification of the choice of a technique over another, not only on a technical basis, but also on an economic one, in relation to the technical and economic risks that his choice entails, constitutes a primordial objective for the Chair. | | | The variables influencing each bioprocess are weighted according to their relative importance in order to obtain a model capable of evaluating the bioprocesss technical efficiency according to a sites particular conditions. |
|
http://www.site.polymtl.ca/eng/analyse.html
(1157 words)
|
|
| |
| | EH.Net Encyclopedia: Path Dependence |
| | Arthur's (1989) basic model of a path-dependent process considered a case in which the selection of one outcome (or one path of outcomes) rather than another has no consequences for general economic efficiency -- different economic agents favor different techniques, but no technique is best for all. | | | In Liebowitz and Margolis's view, only "third-degree" path dependence offers scope for optimizing behavior, and thus only this type stands in conflict with what they call "the neoclassical model of relentlessly rational behavior leading to efficient, and therefore predictable, outcomes" (1995). | | | Nobel Prize-winner Kenneth Arrow argued in his foreword to Arthur's collected articles that Arthur's modeling approach applies specifically to cases where foresight is imperfect, or "expectations are based on limited information" (Arthur 1994). |
|
http://www.eh.net/encyclopedia/puffert.path.dependence.php
(1157 words)
|
|
| |
| | Understanding Economic Value Added |
| | Economic Profit Is Free Cash Flow "Sliced Up" Financial theory - that is, the discounted cash flow (DCF) model - says that the intrinsic value of a firm equals the present value (also known as "discounted value") of its future free cash flows. | | | Examining the components of economic profit and studying the finer points of its calculation require an understanding of its underlying principles. | | | Economic profits represent the portion of free cash flows after a capital charge is subtracted. |
|
http://www.investopedia.com/university/EVA/EVA1.asp
(1666 words)
|
|
|
