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| | capitalism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 |
 | | Capitalism does not presuppose a specific form of social or political organization: the democratic socialism of the Scandinavian states, the consensus politics of Japan, and the state-sponsored rapid industrial growth of South Korea while under military dictatorship all coexist with capitalism. | | | Capitalism is grounded in the concept of free enterprise, which argues that government intervention in the economy should be restricted and that a free market, based on supply and demand, will ultimately maximize consumer welfare. | | | Capitalism has existed in a limited form in the economies of all civilizations, but its modern importance dates at least from the Industrial Revolution that began in the 18th cent., when bankers, merchants, and industrialists—the bourgeoisie—began to displace landowners in political, economic, and social importance, particularly in Great Britain. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/65/ca/capitali.html
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| | investor.13.html |
| | Those conditioned to contempt for generic capitalism, with their top-down attitude, cannot understand that there are thousands of democratic-capitalist companies that have validated the benefits of involved, contributing wage-earners in a trusting, cooperative environment. | | | This people's capital is not yet directed for democratic purposes; on the contrary, wealth is becoming more concentrated, and the people, the source of capital, have limited rewards from capitalism. | | | Economic damage to global capitalism and, in time, to the United States economy is caused, in part, by the symbiotic relationship of government and finance capitalism. |
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http://mars.superlink.net/~carey/chptrs/investor.13.html
(7762 words)
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| | POSC 261 - Comparative Political Economy |
| | The central questions are how do these varieties of capitalism differ in economic performance, which is generally superior for maximizing efficiency or equality, or both, and is liberal market capitalism the baseline on which all converge in the face of globalization in product and capital markets. | | | From recent work, it is clear that national policies, socioeconomic equality, and economic performance differ in systematic ways across three general models of welfare capitalism in the postindustrial era. | | | Note: Recent research, often drawing on both varieties of capitalism and Esping-Andersen’s worlds of welfare framework, has expanded the range of institutions that are studied and addressed the questions of which varieties of welfare capitalism produce which mixes of social, economic, and gender equality with good economic performance. |
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http://www.marquette.edu/dept/polisci/Syllabi/261Swank.htm
(4026 words)
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| | 'Anti-Capitalism' as Ideology - and as Movement? |
| | In calling for an 'acceptable' capitalism with the state as the interventionist organ of democratic control, not only do these liberals justify the alienation that is capital, they also grasp the state incorrectly as a neutral tool. | | | The politicians representing these democratic states have done this not because they are corrupt, undemocratic etc., but because they are dependent on and attempt to facilitate capital accumulation in each national territory. | | | For progressive liberals involved in and around the mobilizations, the problem is not capital as such, but what they see as the current ('neo-liberal'[20]) organization of capital, glossed by the term 'globalization'. |
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http://www.geocities.com/aufheben2/auf_10_anticapital.html
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| | Esping-Andersen_Excerpt |
| | When it holds that welfare states are more likely to develop the more democratic rights are extended, the thesis confronts the historical oddity that the first major welfare-state initiatives occurred prior to democracy and were powerfully motivated by the desire to arrest its realization. | | | Hence, the welfare function’ is appropriated by the nation-state. | | | By scoring welfare states on spending, we assume that all spending counts equally. |
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http://www.ucc.ie/social_policy/Esping-Andersen.htm
(9569 words)
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| | HOW TO MAKE CAPITALISM GREEN, LEAN AND NICE |
| | Future economic progress can best take place in democratic, market-based systems of production and distribution in which all forms of capital are fully valued, including human, manufactured, financial, and natural capital. | | | Radically increased resource productivity is the cornerstone of natural capitalism because using resources more effectively has three significant benefits: It slows resource depletion at one end of the value chain, lowers pollution at the other end, and provides a basis to increase worldwide employment with meaningful jobs. | | | This concept offers incentives to put into practice the first two innovations of natural capitalism by restructuring the economy to focus on relationships that better meet customers' changing value needs and to reward automatically both resource productivity and closed-loop cycles of materials use. |
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http://www.ecomall.com/greenshopping/ncapital.htm
(9569 words)
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| | coretam202.doc |
| | The essay examines the welfare state regime of one country not covered in the course comparing it to both the general type of welfare state regime it represents (liberal, Christian democratic, or social democratic) and the specific representative (US, UK, Germany, Italy, or Sweden) which we have studied in depth. | | | We will also explore how the three welfare state regimes defined by Esping-Andersen interlock with different "labor market regimes", systems of wage bargaining and employment and labor relations, and, in turn, how these labor market and welfare state regimes constitute elements of different "varieties of capitalism". | | | The course will be structured around the concept of "welfare states regimes", as defined in Gøsta Esping-Andersen in his path breaking book, Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. |
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http://www.unc.edu/depts/tam/Syllabi0304/coretam202.doc
(979 words)
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| | What is Globalization? |
| | Globalization means the spread of free-market capitalism to virtually every country in the world. | | | You make a difference today by using globalization -- by mobilizing the power of trade, the power of the Internet and the power of consumers to persuade, or embarrass, global corporations and nations to upgrade their standards. | | | "The corporate globalists who meet in posh gatherings to chart the course of corporate globalization in the name of private profits, and the citizen movements that organize to thwart them in the name of democracy, are separated by deep differences in values, worldview, and definitions of progress. |
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http://www.colorado.edu/AmStudies/lewis/ecology/roots.htm
(1384 words)
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| | "Welfare Capitalism" and "Social Capitalism" - |
| | The basic difference of the liberal, the conservative, and the social-democratic welfare state is their degree of "decommodofication". | | | Welfare Capitalism is the common label for the liberal U.S. welfare system. | | | Social security was privatized and the welfare budget was reduced to a minimum leaving the old privileges only to the military and the police. |
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http://tiss.zdv.uni-tuebingen.de/webroot/sp/spsba01_W98_1/Comparison.htm
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| | The Real Worlds of Welfare Capitalism - Cambridge University Press |
| | But in this book the authors contend that the social democratic welfare regime, represented here by the Netherlands, equals or exceeds the performance of the corporatist German regime and the liberal US regime across all these social and economic objectives. | | | The Real Worlds of Welfare Capitalism traces how individuals fare over time in each of the three principal types of welfare state. | | | They thus argue that, whatever ones priorities, the social democratic welfare regime is uniquely well-suited to realizing them. |
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http://www.cup.cam.ac.uk/catalogue/print.asp?isbn=0521596394&print=y
(254 words)
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| | Capitalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | A common criticism that Marxists make about capitalism is that it is only democratic to the capitalist class, citing examples such as not being able to criticize one's boss out of risk of getting fired and not being able to express their opinions due to lack of funds to afford access to the media. | | | Capitalism has also been referred to by the terms free market economy, free enterprise system, and economic liberalism. | | | Capitalism also contrasts with corporatism, where private businesses work more closely with the government in an ostensible attempt to serve the interests of the nation. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalism
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| | capital * LongTerm Capital Management regulators need... |
| | Social Capital and Democratic Transition Routledge Studies of Societies in Transition. | | | Capital Budgeting Planning and Control of Capital Expenditures. | | | The cost of capital to a public utility. |
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http://www.hagelschauer.com/hageuuucapital.html
(1421 words)
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| | Capitalism & Its Culture, Rethinking Mid-20th Century American Social Thought |
| | At the opening of the 21st century, the power and pervasiveness of American capitalism and of the equation that links open markets to democratic institutions has become so much the common wisdom of our existence that we define as irrational those who question these relationships and their worldwide cultural manifestations. | | | Words like “reform” and “liberalization” now denote the process whereby a global market in labor, capital, and ideas replaces the regulatory regimes, either authoritarian or social democratic, that were erected during and after the Great Depression. | | | Despite such self-assurance, it is clear that the relationship between market capitalism and its cultural context, on a national as well as global scale, is as uncertain and contested today as at any moment in the 20th century. |
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http://www.ihc.ucsb.edu/capitalism
(971 words)
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| | The Culture of Capitalism |
| | Berger suggest that democratic socialism may be a contradictions in terms, and he points to disturbing trends (for example, the radical ideology of the left wing of the Swedish Socialist Party or the British Labor Party) in a number of social democratic movements that he worried may lead them in the direction of totalitarianism. | | | State capitalism occupies a position intermediary between socialism and capitalism, having neither a full-fledge command economy nor a completely free one, and may hence be thought of as a separate category. | | | Capitalism is a necessary but not sufficient condition of democracy under current conditions. |
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http://www.worldandi.com/public/1987/march/bk15.cfm
(3290 words)
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| | ZNet Activism Winnowing Wheat From Chaff |
| | Social democrats began the twentieth century determined to replace capitalism with socialism -- which they understood to be a system of equitable cooperation based on democratic planning by workers, consumers, and citizens. | | | Long before the century was over social democratic parties and movements throughout the world had renounced the necessity of replacing private enterprise and markets with fundamentally different economic institutions, and pledged themselves only to pursue reforms geared toward making a system based on competition and greed which they accepted as inevitable more humane. | | | Capitalism tells people to leave their family and community roots in the "rust belt" and migrate to the "sun belt." According to the logic of capitalism any who fail to move in time are losers and deserve what they get. |
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http://www.zmag.org/content/print_article.cfm?itemID=7529§ionID=26
(3290 words)
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| | S/R 21: Community Based Economics: A Real Alternative to Ecosocialism? (T Smith) |
| | The only alternative to corporate capitalism is community based, democratic eco-socialism. | | | But even "the monoculture of corporate capitalism," according to Hawken, is more creative than government. | | | Capitalism may indeed have gotten out of control during the Civil War, but we can still make it work, claim the populists. |
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http://www.greens.org/s-r/21/21-05.html
(3290 words)
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| | Democracy and Capitalism |
| | In order to avoid the distracting debate and confusion over the terms "capitalism" and "socialism," we may adopt the term "democratic commonwealth" when we mean a country with a mixed-economy and a majority-rule political system. | | | Similar to the misapplication of the economic term "capitalism," the political term "democracy" is also problematic in that it is a very general term lacking the specificity necessary when debating the issue of political control. | | | Although the terms "democracy" and "capitalism" do convey generally useful ideas, the fact that different people mean different things when they use these terms suggests that we need to get beyond their general use and begin to apply more specific terms which convey less ambiguous ideas. |
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http://www.progressiveliving.org/DEMCAP.htm
(3290 words)
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| | Bad Subjects: Holy Homosexuality Batman!: Camp and Corporate Capitalism In Batman Forever |
| | This benevolent democratic corporate capitalism (Wayne even extends 'full benefits' to the widow of Nygma's first victim, despite the official verdict of suicide as cause-of-death) where workers share in the profits from projects which benefit society and ethical concerns are placed above marketing potential, is in direct contrast to Nygma's version of unbridled capitalist exploitation. | | | Literalizing predatory capitalism (with start-up capital obtained by robbery, no less) his product actually feeds off the consumer, invading their minds and channeling their brain waves to the Riddler. | | | But perhaps the most telling example of this Commercial Performativity is what has to be a corporate tie-in for The Club (because when a product fills the screen for several precious seconds in a big budget film it is never an accident — e.g. |
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http://bad.eserver.org/issues/1995/23/johnson.html
(1957 words)
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| | foamy custard: beyond anti-capitalism |
| | Over the last decade democratic capitalism has proved to be poor at both social equality and planning for the future. | | | It is not simply the strengths of capitalism that are the problem but the absence of effective political opposition to the hegemony. | | | Anti-capitalism, post-capitalism, anti-hegemony or what thou wilt contains political ideas that could potentially appeal to a wide cross-section of voters who currently feel that the major political parties have established policies that bear little relationship to their needs or wishes. |
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http://www.indigogroup.co.uk/foamycustard/fc011.htm
(3266 words)
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| | Ch8 |
| | While it is being waged on many fronts, it is specifically aimed at reversing the post-war social settlements that tied capital to the development of national communities by shifting power from labor to capital within states and undermining democratic national governments. | | | Throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, various forms of economic protection and monopoly, as well as restrictions on labor organization and on political participation, enabled Europes small elite of landowners and wealthy industrialists to monopolize land as well as the entire field of industry and trade. | | | It also creates more fictitious capital, permitting US firms to continue to invest at home and abroad with a low cost of capital. |
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http://www.theglobalsite.ac.uk/press/212halperin.htm
(3266 words)
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| | intro.html |
| | The major source of capital is now the wage-earner; consequently, the rewards of capitalism should be democratically distributed, and their long-term interests represented. | | | Democratic capitalism, I propose, is the superior economic system that offers positive effects on all of the elements on both the supply side and demand side of the economic equation. | | | More a finance capitalism cycle than a business cycle, this destructive pattern is described with the additions now apparent in global finance capitalism. |
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http://mars.superlink.net/~carey/chptrs/intro.html
(3266 words)
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| | The Politics of Transhumanism |
| | Although Sterling steadfastly refuses to argue for political activism or partisan engagement, like FM-2030 he outlines a third way between capitalism and socialism involving controls on transnational capital, redirecting of militaries to peacekeeping, sustainable industries, increasing leisure time, guaranteed social wage, education reform, expanded global public health, and gender equity. | | | In short, the WTA documents establish a broad political tent, with an explicit embrace of political engagement, the need to defend and extend liberal democracy, and the inclusion of social democratic policy alternatives as legitimate points of discussion. | | | By embracing political engagement and the use of government to address equity, safety and efficacy concerns about transhuman technologies, transhumanists are in a better position to attract a larger, broader audience. |
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http://www.changesurfer.com/Acad/TranshumPolitics.htm
(11056 words)
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| | Anti-capitalism: Gothenburg CWI statement |
| | Many of the populations in the countries applying to join the EU hope that entry is the way to dramatically raise their living standards and secure their democratic rights. | | | The Committee for a Workers International is committed to helping in the rebuilding of a fighting, socialist workers movement which can sweep away capitalism, not simply protest against its inequities. | | | This has resulted in many of todays young people not seeing that, potentially; capitalisms main opponent is the working class. |
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http://www.socialistparty.org.uk/Gothenburg.htm
(1683 words)
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| | A Case Study in Social Capital Theory in El Salvador |
| | Social capital is proven to be an important factor in the development of a strong and flourishing democratic government. | | | Perhaps another important aspect of social capital which has been neglected is the aspect of funding, leadership involvement, and civic and professional associations. | | | The social security system provides benefits to those who have jobs and pay into it; benefits are concentrated in certain towns, but it still qualifies as a service provided. |
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http://www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/submitted/mungal/social-capital-theory.html
(6202 words)
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| | UCLA Asia Institute: East Asia as a World Region in the 21st Century |
| | Many observers of course recognize that governments range from democratic to authoritarian and domestic economies from highly industrialized or post-industrial to poor and primitive, but they see the variations on a global scale, as aspects of massive and complex systems of integration. | | | We have grown accustomed to thinking that national states forge national cultures and citizens have a national social identity, while industrial capitalism creates international markets for raw materials and finished products. | | | Our awareness of these connections is hindered by our frequent focus on the twin processes of national state formation and the development of industrial capitalism in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. |
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http://www.isop.ucla.edu/asia/article.asp?parentid=14604
(6202 words)
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| | Muslimedia.com |
| | What is being created is a new international division of labour, new institutions to bypass democratic and other defensive forces, new means of exploiting opportunities provided by new technologies capable of reducing the costs of transport and communication in order to increase the profitability of capital at the expense of the worlds poorest people. | | | In recent decades, we have seen a newly aggressive approach from the core of capital, encouraged by the political support offered in and since the Reagan-Thatcher era. | | | Other political changes were also significant: the disappearance of the Soviet Union and the massive boost that gave the capitalist West, for example. |
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http://www.muslimedia.com/ARCHIVES/book03/unmaskbk.htm
(6202 words)
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| | Table of contents for Political ideologies and the democratic ideal |
| | Table of contents for Political ideologies and the democratic ideal / Terence Ball, Richard Dagger. | | | Table of contents for Political ideologies and the democratic ideal | | | Bibliographic record and links to related information available from the Library of Congress catalog. |
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http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0516/2005020880.html
(89 words)
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| | Anti-capitalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Fascism argues for a limited market economy, while emphasizing non-economic issues such as nationalism and obedience to authority as the solution to what the fascists see as the problems of capitalism. | | | Socialism argues for extensive non-private control of the economy, which may or may not be associated with democratic control by the people over the state (if a nation-state exists in such a system). | | | Marxism argues for collective ownership of the means of production, and the eventual abolition of the state, with an intermediate stage in which the state will be used to eliminate the vestiges of capitalism. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-capitalism
(89 words)
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| | Transcript - Interview with Maj. F. Andrew Messing |
| | MESSING: Well, our measure of democratic capitalism is not necessarily the same measure in Central and South America. | | | Darkside capitalism is viewed as a narcissistic, hedonistic capitalism which is monopolistic and detrimental to democracy. | | | Lightside capitalism is what was espoused by Locke, Adams, Jefferson, and others from our forefathers, who believed that capitalism should have a benevolent and uplifting and ethical component to it. |
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http://www.cdi.org/adm/1315/messing.html
(89 words)
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| | Postmodern Culture, Global Capitalism, and Democratic Action |
| | At the same time, global capitalism often breaks down autarkic economies and the despotisms and oligarchies that depend on them, and encourages the formation of larger middle classes that, since Aristotle, have been thought to be central to democratic cultures. | | | Global capitalism not only shifts the locus of the formation of decisions far from persons most directly affected by them, it also undermines the importance of the institutional context that historically has been central to citizenship -- the nation state. | | | Global capitalism and postmodern culture both in their own ways threaten, or at least challenge, democracy, citizenship, and civil society. |
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http://www.csun.edu/~hfspc002/96/cfp/X0033_970413.pomocap.html
(517 words)
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