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| | Crisis |
 | | Budget crisis A budget crisis is an informal name for a situation in which the legislature and the executive in a presid... | | | Australian constitutional crisis of 1975 The Australian constitutional crisis of 1975 is generally regarded as the most... | | | Constitutional crisis A constitutional crisis is a situation in which separate parties of a government disagree over who... |
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http://www.brainyencyclopedia.com/topics/crisis.html
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| | Budget |
| | Budget crisis A budget crisis is an informal name for a situation in which the legislature and the executive in a presid... | | | United States Office of Management and Budget The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is a body within the budget requ... | | | Canadian federal budget In Canada federal budgets are presented annually by the government and lay out government spendi... |
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http://www.brainyencyclopedia.com/topics/budget.html
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| | Beyond The Asian Financial Crisis:: Special Reports: Publications: U.S. Institute of Peace |
| | The unique aspect of the Asian financial crisis is that unlike past crises (such as Latin America in the 1980s) most of the debt is corporate, as opposed to state-held or sovereign debt, and the costs of reforming the structure of government-business relationships to ensure transparency are larger than in other crises. | | | Asian capital provides the underpinnings for the U.S. Treasury bills that have financed our budget deficits. | | | The Asian financial crisis marks the start of a major post-Cold War adjustment to changes in the global economic system, an adjustment that is potentially as significant as the Bretton Woods agreements that have shaped global currency regulation for the past half-century. |
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http://www.usip.org/oc/sr/asiafinancial.html
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| | crises.html |
| | The canonical currency crisis model, then, explains such crises as the result of a fundamental inconsistency between domestic policies - typically the persistence of money-financed budget deficits - and the attempt to maintain a fixed exchange rate. | | | I have just argued that although the detailed workings of a "second-generation" currency crisis model may be very different from those of the original models, their general result can be much the same: a currency crisis is essentially the result of policies inconsistent with the long-run maintenance of a fixed exchange rate. | | | This sort of circular logic - in which investors flee a currency because they expect it to be devalued, and much (though usually not all) of the pressure on the currency comes precisely because of this investor lack of confidence - is the defining feature of a currency crisis. |
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http://web.mit.edu/krugman/www/crises.html
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| | California's Budget Crisis |
| | As Governor Davis and the legislature cope with the current fiscal crisis, many observers are wondering how the state budget could have swung so quickly from a large surplus to an even larger deficit. | | | The effects of the shortfall will be felt across a range of public services; but the crisis may also prompt a much-needed review of fiscal arrangements and realities at the state and local level. | | | Californians and the State Budget: Opinions About the Deficit and Support for Policy Options and Structural Reforms (2003). |
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http://www.ppic.org/main/issue.asp?i=372
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| | Regional Review: Anatomy of a Currency Crisis |
| | The fallout from the currency crisis will reach New England through reduced net exports to the devaluing countries and through its impact on the earnings of regional firms with investments in the affected areas. | | | Thus, stage one of the crisis is expected to cut Japan's already unsatisfactory growth by one-half to three-quarters of 1 percentage point in 1998. | | | To defend its currency, the real, Brazil has recently announced a budget expected to reduce GDP growth next year from an anticipated 4 percent to 1 percent or less. |
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http://www.bos.frb.org/economic/nerr/rr1997/fall/litt97_4.htm
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| | ISBE Budget Hearings Set |
| | The current economic crisis, the FY 03 budget reductions only compound the fact that 61 percent of school districts have deficit budgets,” said State Superintendent of Education Robert E. Schiller. | | | The State Board of Education today took an important step in developing an FY 04 budget proposal by approving three public hearings to gather input from local education leaders and citizens around the State. | | | “The FY 2004 budget will be critical for our schools. |
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http://www.isbe.state.il.us/news/2002/sept18-02d.htm
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| | Tax Policy Center Publications |
| | Budget Crisis at the Door (October 1, 2003) | | | AMT Relief in the FY2005 Budget (February 4, 2004) | | | The Budget and the Economy (January 29, 2002) |
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http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/publications/template.cfm?ListByDate=true
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| | Savings and Loan crisis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The ultimate cost of the crisis is estimated to have totaled around USD$150 billion, about $125 billion of which was directly borne by the U.S. government, which contributed to the large budget deficits of the early 1990s. | | | The Savings and Loan crisis of the 1980s was a wave of savings and loan association failures in the United States in which over 1,000 savings and loan institutions failed. | | | The U.S. government agency Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation, which at the time insured SandL accounts in the same way the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insures commercial bank accounts, then had to repay all the depositors whose money was lost. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savings_and_Loan_scandal
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| | Hubbert peak - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Because automobiles and trucks consume a great deal of the total energy budget of developed countries, some means would be required to deliver the energy generated from nuclear heat to these vehicles. | | | Renewable energy sources may have a significantly smaller total "cost" compared with fossil fuel production after factoring in pollution - in other words, oil production is likely more expensive (compared to renewable energy) than the initial price seems to indicate, if you factor in the cost of pollution on our public health programs. | | | If so, any future decline in energy supplies may force people to break out of their current consumer lifestyle and begin to rethink their values. |
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http://www.northmiami.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/Hubbert_peak
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| | Reinterpreting Asian Financial Crisis |
| | In the context of the unfolding Asian and domestic crisis, the President, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, announced on November 11, 1997 a severe austerity program that was designed to boost foreign investors confidence in the economy (and in the currency) by cutting the budget deficit and raising $15b in revenue [NYT, 2/8/98]. | | | The Mexican economys vulnerability to a financial crisis was exacerbated by the fact that the governments foreign exchange reserves totaled $6b at the end of 1994 and that tesebonos worth $29b were due to mature in 1995 [Finance and development, 1997]. | | | In efforts to stem the crisis, governments were compelled (either on their own account or as a precondition for IMF assistance) to pursue the very macroeconomic policies that exacerbated their risk potential. |
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http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/sgabriel/ilene_grabel.htm
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| | THE 1998-99 FEDERAL BUDGET |
| | In the financial year just ending the budget for the total government sector (Commonwealth, state, local and public trading enterprises) was in surplus, a rare change from the usual outcome over the last 40 years of deficits. | | | The way to government budget surplus has been achieved partly by cuts in expenditures on labour market programmes, tertiary education and health and by increased charges to tertiary students. | | | However, for tertiary education and health there is good reason for some reduction in the burden on the government’s budget. |
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http://www.economics.unimelb.edu.au/TLdevelopment/econochat/McDonaldEcon10.html
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| | A Radical Youth Journal Based in the U.S. |
| | While the administration talks of decreased reliance on foreign oil, the reality is that America has not been energy independent since the 70s oil crisis when it fell from a net producer to a net consumer of oil. | | | Rather than questioning the administration's policy of preemptive strikes, or the vast size of the military industrial complex or urging cuts in the wasteful, redundant defense budget which consumes half the federal budget's discretionary spending, the inside-the-beltway crowd's analysis starts from the U.S. needing a larger military to achieve its foreign policy and economic agenda. | | | The global oil market is making headlines with an increasing frequency these days, as rising gas costs dig into people's pockets and the price of a barrel of oil continues its upward trajectory. |
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http://www.lefthook.org
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| | regions.shtml |
| | Next in importance are the effects of the new budget and tax reform, and other effects that the incipient Mexican democracy may have on economic activity and investment. | | | Given that 2002 is an election year in Brazil, the main direct effect of the Argentine crisis is likely to be political rather than economic. | | | At the level of economic fundamentals the interaction between the Mexican and Argentinean economies is almost non-existent. |
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http://www.foreview.com/magazine/2002_02_01/regions.shtml
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| | Brian Loveman, Professor of Political Science, San Diego State University |
| | Commentator on "The Chilean Budget Process," "The Argentine Budget Process," "Public Policy and Budgeting in Mexico," "The Taiwan Budget Process," World Bank Conference on Institutional Influences on Development and Administrative Procedure, University of California, La Jolla, June 20-21, 1996. | | | "Federalism and Democratization in Latin America: A Comparative Analysis and Partial Reform Agenda," paper prepared for the Coloquio II, sponsored by the Instituto Cultural Ludwig von Mises (Mexico), Comisión Mexicana de Derechos Humanos, and others, Oaxaca, Mexico, December 5-7, 1996 | | | "The Latin American Debt and the United States" |
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http://www.rohan.sdsu.edu/dept/polsciwb/brianl/cv.html
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| | eRiposte Policy: Social Security Myths v. Reality |
| | All you can have is a general budget crisis. | | | The long-term cost of the Bush tax cuts is five times the budget office's estimate of Social Security's deficit over the next 75 years. | | | In fact, according to the Congressional Budget Office estimates, Social Security can be made solvent throughout its seventy five year planning period with a tax increase that is less than one quarter as large as the one in the eighties. |
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http://www.eriposte.com/policy/socialsecurity.htm
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| | Crisis |
| | Budget crisis A budget crisis is an informal name for a situation in which the legislature and the executive in a presid... | | | Australian constitutional crisis of 1975 The Australian constitutional crisis of 1975 is generally regarded as the most... | | | Constitutional crisis A constitutional crisis is a situation in which separate parties of a government disagree over who... |
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http://www.brainyencyclopedia.com/topics/crisis.html
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| | Morrows Principles for Resolving Californias Electricity Crisis |
| | Guarantee that electricity prices are stable, rather than volatile, so that homeowners and businesses may budget properly. | | | Recognize that innocent ratepayers will not be unfairly penalized for the wholesale debt accumulated by private utility companies a situation caused primarily by market mismanagement by utility companies, price gouging by power producers, miscalculation by state and federal government planners, and inappropriate regulating by state and federal government bureaucrats. | | | Take all reasonable measures which do NOT include massive ratepayer or taxpayer bailouts -- to protect Californias investor-owned (private) utility companies from going bankrupt. |
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http://republican.sen.ca.gov/opeds/38/oped679.asp
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| | Argentina's Economic Meltdown: Causes and Remedies |
| | With regard to the recent budget for 2002 which passed the lower House of the Argentine Congress, as I mentioned, the IMF publicly welcomed this austerity measure that reduced the federal deficit and addressed the federal/provincial relationship. | | | Basically, the interest payments of the Argentine government increased consistently without the government increasing its primary spending, beginning with the Fed's decision to raise interest rates in 1994 and then on through the Mexican peso crisis and the Asian financial crisis, and the Russian and the Brazilian devaluation. | | | The Argentine crisis affects not just the IMF, it poses a challenge for the World Bank with 8 to 10 percent of its outstanding loans to Argentina, and the Inter-American Development Bank, with 20 percent of its loans to Argentina. |
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http://commdocs.house.gov/committees/bank/hba77785.000/hba77785_1.HTM
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| | Worldpress.org - Argentina - Economic Crisis - Debt Defaults |
| | Some suspect it will soon barge its way toward the front. If the governments daunting IMF commitment to a balanced budget forces further spending cuts that fuel social upheaval, he added, all hopes of economic recovery would have to be put on hold...[and] Argentina would be on its own in the world. | | | Pressures on the Argentine government to suspend foreign debt payments and devalue the peso have escalated as the global economic outlook has deteriorated in the aftermath of Sept. 11. | | | Still, Castro reported that most economists agreed that adopting U.S. currency is no solution to the grave fiscal problem. In the view of some domestic observers, Argentinas narrow escape from debt default in August bought only a brief breathing space. |
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http://www.worldpress.org/Americas/181.cfm
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| | Monthly Review April 2002 Joseph Halevi |
| | During the summer, the economic minister, Domingo Cavallo—a darling of the IMF who, by the way, was undersecretary of the interior (Federal Police Department) during the bloodthirsty military dictatorship in 1981—set the goal of a zero budget deficit. | | | The political crisis of this important South American country formally erupted when, in the first week of December 2001, the IMF decided to withhold a $1.3 billion loan approved for servicing the country’s $142 billion external debt. | | | The government’s response was to introduce additional restrictions, with Economic Minister Cavallo announcing an impossible zero budget deficit policy. |
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http://www.monthlyreview.org/0402halevi.htm
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| | Guardian Argentine debt crisis infects markets |
| | Financial markets were gripped by fears of a full-blown emerging country crisis last night amid mounting expectations that Argentina could be forced to default on its $128bn debt burden. | | | With the country's stock market plunging and overnight interest rates soaring, Argentina's finance minister, Domingo Cavallo, sought to boost investor confidence by pledging draconian cuts in spending and a crackdown on the black economy to bring the country's budget back into balance. | | | The Federal Reserve in Washington refused to comment on rumours that it had met secretly to discuss the financial and political woes of Latin America's third largest economy, where recent problems came to a head this week when the government was forced to pay dearly to refinance a small part of its debts. |
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http://www.guardian.co.uk/print/0,3858,4220229-103676,00.html
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| | debt latin american - Books, journals, articles @ The Questia Online Library |
| | ...economic crisis may soon spread to Latin American countries that are increasingly under...devaluation and default is growing in Latin Americas four largest economies - Brazil...are having difficulty meeting budget and debt obligations and are under intense pressure... | | | ...examination of Latin American literature...owes a strong debt to sources...international debt crises and...devised for Latin American countries...indices as debt. | | | Americans and Latin Americans, have very...responsibility for the debt accumulation...precisely that some Latin American countries fell...readily into the debt trap than others... |
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http://www.questia.com/search/debt-latin-american
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| | networkideas.org - Malaysian Eclipse: Economic Crisis and Recovery |
| | And at the onset of the crisis, Anwar had favored smaller cuts in the government budget than those pushed for by Daim Zainuddin, the long-time Mahathir ally, who took Anwar's place as finance minister. | | | In the fall of 1997, the currency crisis that began in Thailand reached Malaysia. | | | That was certainly true for economic journalist James Goodno and myself when we were conducting research on the limits of poverty alleviation in Malaysia for the book we are writing about rapid growth, economic crisis, and poverty in Southeast Asia. |
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http://www.networkideas.org/book/jan2003/bk30_Jomo.htm
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| | January 2002: Capitalist Plunder and the Worlds Economic Crisis |
| | For the fiscal year 2002, the projected $313 billion budget surplus has been readjusted to a $40 billion deficit, with additional deficit budgets projected at least through 2004. | | | Not a day passes when one or another aspect of this crisis is not openly discussed in the corporate media-from the point of view of the frightened rich, of course. | | | The country is in debt to imperialist banks to the point that it cannot afford to pay the interest on its $132 billion debt, not to mention a portion of the principle. |
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http://www.socialistaction.org/news/200201/plunder.html
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| | Mexican Art and Economic Issues After the Crisis of 1994 |
| | Although the country is restraint by severe economics, Mexico remains committed to this program, having increased the 1995 budget 8.8 percent. | | | She says that "In general, Mexicans are very conservative collectors and prefer to invest in modern masters such as Toledo, Tamaya, Rivera, and Pedro Coronel, for example" (Royce 116). | | | Artists were able to receive government grants but they were unable to sell any of their work. |
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http://www.history.pdx.edu/hdwp/economy/art_ec.html
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| | Aspects of India's Economy Nos. 33 & 34 - Special Issue on the US-Iraq War |
| | Between the spring of 2001 and the autumn of 2002 the annual federal budget deteriorated by $360 billion. | | | Most American arms firms are now able to raise funds easily from the capital market, which anticipates a big boost to sales and profits by 2004.—“US defence sector cashes in on Bush’s war on terrorism”, Financial Times, 19/7/02. | | | As the values of other currencies fell against the dollar, other economies would be less able to absorb American imports, deepening the manufacturing recession in the US and the US trade deficit even further. |
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http://www.rupe-india.org/34/military.html
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| | Zedillo responds to economic crisis in Mexico with pay cut |
| | Zedillo ordered a reduction "to adjust it to what was specified in the budget project for fiscal 1995," the statement said. | | | Zedillo responds to economic crisis in Mexico with pay cut | | | MEXICO CITY -- President Ernesto Zedillo, whose country is facing its worst economic crisis in 60 years, says he has personally taken a huge pay cut. |
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http://www.chron.com/content/chronicle/world/96/06/15/zedillo.html
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| | International Games News November 1998 |
| | The Asian economic crisis has caused difficulties with the games budget. | | | Ironically, in the midst of the Asian crisis, many countries are offering monetary rewards for medals won at the games. | | | Other gold medal performances will bring prizes of $64,000US (500,000 Hong Kong dollars) for a gold for Hong Kong, $21,000 for a gold for Malaysia (80,000 ringgit) and 2,300US for a South Korean victory (3 million won). |
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http://www.internationalgames.net/November98.htm
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| | sacbee.com -- Politics -- Budget watch |
| | Faced with the worst fiscal crisis in state history, Gov. Gray Davis today is expected to propose an income tax hike on the wealthiest Californians, a one-cent sales tax increase and a $1.10-a-pack levy on cigarettes to help bridge a $35 billion budget gap. | | | Blaming the nation's economy and the troubled stock market for California's $35 billion shortfall, Gov. Gray Davis on Wednesday promised to end the budget crisis by creating thousands of private-sector jobs and making cuts to "nearly every program" in state government. | | | Gray Davis insists that however the state's budget crisis is resolved, he won't sign a 2003-04 budget unless it contains substantial "structural reform" of the state's obviously skewed system of financing state and local governments. |
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http://www.sacbee.com/content/politics/story/5849058p-6814868c.html
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