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| | Arthur Cecil Pigou -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! |
 | | In it, Pigou developed Marshall's concept of externalties, which are the costs imposed or benefits conferred on others that are not accounted for by the person who creates these costs or benefits. | | | Pigou's analysis was widely accepted until the early 1960s, when Ronald Coase showed that taxes and subsidies are not necessary if the partners in the transaction—that is, the people affected by the externality and the people who cause it—can bargain over the transaction. | | | Pigou's reliance on taxes and subsidies was further undercut by public choice economists who observed that governments can and do fail, sometimes more spectacularly than markets. |
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http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9059996
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| | Origin of the Idea |
| | Pigou's reasoning was that the marginal utility of a dollar for a poor man was greater than for a rich man, and so by transferring dollars from the rich to the poor, the net gain in social welfare would be positive. | | | Coase's article challenged A.C. Pigou's analysis of externalities, which concluded that government policy (for example, a tax) was needed to remedy spillover costs and benefits. | | | Although Henry Sidgwick (1838-1900) first articulated the idea of spillover costs and benefits (externalities), Arthur C. Pigou (1877-1959) receives most of the credit for formalizing the concept. |
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http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072819359/student_view0/chapter30/origin_of_the_idea.html
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| | Arthur Cecil Pigou Biography / Biography of Arthur Cecil Pigou Biography |
| | The central concept of his analysis was the distinction between private and social net product--private product being the product that accrues to the individual making a decision concerning production, and social net product being the net product that accrues to society as a result of the decision. | | | In the end, his most lasting contribution was to point out that, as long as wage and price flexibility exists, the value of assets, the prices of which are fixed in money terms, will rise as wages and prices fall, reducing the propensity to save and, consequently, increasing the propensity to consume. | | | Appropriate taxes and subsidies could, however, make private and social net products equal, thus leading each individual to behave in a way that maximizes social welfare. |
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http://www.bookrags.com/biography-arthur-cecil-pigou
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| | The Environmental Costs of Landfills - A European View John Reindl |
| | Pigou came up with the idea that governments can, via a mixture of taxes and subsidies, correct market failures where the cost of a product or activity does not represent the true cost to others. | | | While the placing of economic values on environmental impacts is still controversial elsewhere, the literature is becoming more and more developed and a number of US studies have been done on this topic, including an emphasis on the cost of lead as a toxic material and CO2 as a greenhouse gas. | | | Along with the quantity of each emission, the study also assigns an economic cost to each emission. |
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http://www.crra.com/crranews/recyclescene/july2001/johnreindl.htm
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| | AC Pigou, Economics, Free Essays @ ChuckIII College Resources |
| | The Pigou effect is a stimulation of employment brought about by the rise in real value of liquid balances as a consequence of a decline in prices. | | | Another of Pigou’s major contributions to economics was the real balance effect. | | | As the real value of wealth increases, so will consumption increase, thus increasing income and employment. |
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http://www.chuckiii.com/Reports/Economics/AC_Pigou.shtml
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| | Search Encyclopedia.com |
| | He served as a member of the committee on currency and foreign exchange (1918) and of the ro... | | | He entered Parliament in 1853 as a Conservative and devoted himself for 50 years to a program of cautious imperialism and resourceful resistance to sweeping parliamentary and franchise reforms. | | | Pigou, Arthur Cecil Pigou, Arthur CecilpĬ´goo, 1877-1959, British economist, grad. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/searchpool.asp?target=Arthur+Cecil+Pigou
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| | ARTHUR CECIL PIGOU |
| | He was also concerned about the social cost of pollution by industries such as steel production and that those responsible were not charged for the damage they caused. | | | He felt that this was dependent on National Product as how would the state raise the money to provide it without it. | | | Pigou believed the government should control the use of wood, coal and oil by the present generation otherwise nothing would remain for future generations. |
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http://misserver.ucd.ie/STAFF/bstahl/econ_hist/pigou.htm
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| | Economics of Welfare - Arthur C. Pigou, A. C. Pigou |
| | The Economics of Welfare also may be credited with establishing welfare economics, by systematically analyzing market departures and their potential remedies. | | | Some of the more important include: public goods and externalities, welfare criteria, index number problems, price discrimination, the theory of the firm, the structure of relief programs for the poor, and public finance. | | | Pigou's discussion of the institutional structure governing labor-market operations in his Wealth and Welfare prompted Schumpeter to call the work "the greatest venture in labor economics ever undertaken by a man who was primarily a theorist". |
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http://www.libreriauniversitaria.it/BUS/0765807394/Economics_of_Welfare.htm
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| | Externalities, Fixed Costs and Information |
| | The well-known theoretical solutions to the problem of externalities developed by Arthur C. Pigou and Ronald H. Coase--taxation according to measured preferences, bargaining under low transaction costs--have restated the problem of social cost, rather than addressed it: externalities exist where preferences are difficult to measure and transaction costs are high. | | | Building on Kenneth J. Arrow's conjecture that the existence of externalities is equivalent to the nonexistence of markets, the article demonstrates that externalities are characterized by informational complexity and high transaction costs. | | | You too can volunteer for RePEc, for example by encouraging others to use our services. |
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http://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/kyklos/v51y1998i4p547-63.html
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| | Eastern Economic Journal: Rethinking Pigou's misogyny |
| | Pigou's lasting contributions span various fields, including price discrimination, the theory of the firm, social cost (externalities and public goods), theory of unemployment, labor economics and industrial relations, business cycles, monetary theory, valuation of national income (index numbers), and social choice (equity, efficiency, and the distribution of income). | | | The declining influence of Keynesian economics in recent decades has helped to rejuvenate interest in the legacy of Arthur Cecil Pigou, one of the most influential but underrated economists of the twentieth century. | | | At the same time, these critics downgrade Pigou's concern with the double burden of work women face (inside and outside the home), and his calls for legislation that would institute paid pregnancy leaves or regulate work hours and conditions. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3620/is_199707/ai_n8768908
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| | Arthur C. Pigou / Biography |
| | In particular, he is responsible for the distinction between private and social marginal products and costs and the idea that governments can, via a mixture of taxes and subsidies, correct such market failures -- or "internalize the externalities". | | | with the "Pigou Effect" (1943 1947)) or submitting (e.g. | | | Pigou's only other claim to fame is his creation of the field of "Welfare Economics" (1912, 1920). |
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http://www.cooperativeindividualism.org/pigoubio.html
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| | Arthur Cecil PIGOU |
| | In particular, Pigou is responsible for the famous distinction between private and social marginal products and costs and the idea that governments can, via a mixture of taxes and subsidies, correct such market failures - or "internalize the externalities". | | | with the "Pigou Effect" (1943 1947)) or submitting (e.g. | | | In the General Theory, Keynes held up Pigou's Theory of Unemployment (1933) as the example of everything that was wrong with Neoclassical macroeconomics. |
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http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/profiles/pigou.htm
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| | Macroeconomics Origin of the Idea |
| | Pigou was a welfare economist, meaning that he was concerned with how to maximize social well-being beyond the scope of the individual. | | | The real balances effect is also known as the Pigou effect, after its originator, Arthur C. Pigou. | | | He contributed to theories of income distribution, externalities, and price discrimination. |
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http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0070886695/student_view0/chapter9/origin_of_the_idea.html
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| | Pigou, Arthur Cecil |
| | He was a member of the Committee on Currency and Foreign Exchange (1918-19), served on the Royal Commission on Income Tax (1919-20), the Chamberlain Committee (1924-25) and the Committee of Economists in the Economic Advisory Council with Keynes, Robbins, Henderson and Stamp (1930). | | | Pigou (1877-1959), often referred to in correspondence as "The Prof.", was educated at Harrow and King's College, Cambridge; he was president of the Union Society (1900). | | | Source: www ; DNB ; D. Collard, "A. Pigou, 1877-1959", in D. O'Brien and J. Presley (eds), Pioneers of Modern Economics in Britain (London: Macmillan, 1981). |
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http://economia.unipv.it/~dbesomi/edition/editionstuff/rfh.4f7.htm
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| | Say's law - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Increased government purchases of goods (or lowered taxes) merely "crowds out" the private sector's production and purchase of goods. | | | To contradict this, Arthur Cecil Pigou, who, according to himself, followed Say's Law, wrote 1932 a letter signed by five other economists (among them Keynes) calling for more public spending to alleviate high levels of unemployment. | | | From a modern macroeconomic viewpoint Say's Law is subject to dispute. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Says_Law
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| | vitia » Blog Archive » Utility, Equity, Efficiency |
| | Via Curtiss, here’s Putnam on Arthur Pigou (of Pigovian Taxes non-fame): “If the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility is right, then the marginal utility of money should also diminish. | | | Armed with this and the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility, Pigou could say that taking a grand from Bill Gates wouldn’t diminish his utility that much while it would increase Darla’s utility very much. | | | Robbins believed that there could no rational discussion of ethics and values; and generally held that between facts and values never the twain shall meet. |
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http://www.vitia.org/wordpress/archives/2003/07/15/utility-equity-efficiency
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| | Correction, Please! Will Keynes Ever Die? |
| | Friedrich Hayek showed that Keynesian economics is based on a "critical error," namely, that economic activity is solely a function of final aggregate demand, when the truth is that employment and production are based on a delicate balance between investment and consumption, where interest rates and entrepreneurship play a vital role. | | | Arthur Pigou first refuted the "liquidity trap" hypothesis by demonstrating that deflation increases the real value of cash holdings, thus boosting potential demand during a depression. | | | ") The Old Guard, as represented by the statement made by Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., at the beginning of this article, continues to sway the public into believing that big government is essential to stabilize free-market capitalism. |
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http://www.libertyhaven.com/thinkers/markskousen/correcplease.html
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| | pigou and economics - Books, journals, articles @ The Questia Online Library |
| | ...than sticks for the private sector, but they represent additional costs for government.(10) NOTES (1) A.C. Pigou, The Economics of Welfare (London: Macmillan, 1920). | | | British economist Arthur Pigou was influential in the development of welfare economics, an important branch of the discipline... | | | PIGOU, ARTHUR CECIL pi goo, 1877 1959, British economist...his many works are Wealth and Welfare (1912), The Economics of Welfare (1920), The Political Economy of War (1921...versus Capitalism (1937), and Income: An Introduction to Economics (1946). |
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http://www.questia.com/search/pigou-and-economics
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| | Arthur Cecil Pigou |
| | He was a leading exponent of the theory that economic waste due to unemployment, poor health, and poor housing is a responsibility of society, which should bear the costs. | | | Related content from HighBeam Research on: Arthur Cecil Pigou | | | Pigou, Arthur Cecil (The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition) |
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http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0839015.html
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| | Income > Book Arthur Cecil Pigou |
| | Used/New Income - Arthur Cecil Pigou 1 Offer | | | His aim is to present to the general reader a substantial part of the theory of economics in a concise, interesting and intelligible form. |
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http://books.idealo.com/prices/P313206651K0.html
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| | Arthur Big Riddle Supersite |
| | Arthur DVD: D.W. Thinks Big - Arthur DVD: Nerves of Steal IN STOCK Retail Price : $12.98 Our Price : $9.94 Arthur DVD: The Big Riddle IN STOCK Retail Price : $12.98 Our Price : $9.94 Arthur DVD: You Are Arthur IN STOCK Retail Price : $12. | | | Arthur Series (K2630) - libraryvideo.com - Arthur's Money Matters (In Stock!) Arthur: The Big Riddle (In Stock!) Arthur's Family Ties (In Stock!) Arthur Gets Spooked (In Stock!) Arthur Cracks the Case (In Stock!) Arthur's Pet Follies (In. | | | We carry Arthur DVD: The Big Riddle and other Anime DVDs and Box Sets at Media Cavern, Huge Discounts, Wide Selection, Excellent Service. |
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http://www.ownerscloset.com/listings/arthur-big-riddle.htm
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| | AllRefer.com - economics : Since World War II (Economics: Terms And Concepts) - Encyclopedia |
| | British economist Arthur Pigou was influential in the development of welfare economics, an important branch of the discipline that suggested that an economic system was better if even one person's satisfaction was increased while no one else's was decreased. | | | In the 1980s supply-side economics (which sees economic growth as essential for improving the material health of society) was used as a policy tool by the Reagan administration. | | | In recent years, economic theory has been broadly separated into two major fields: macroeconomics, which studies entire economic systems; and microeconomics, which observes the workings of the market on an individual or group within an economic system. |
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http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/E/economics-since-world-war-ii.html
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| | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Pigou, Arthur Cecil @ HighBeam Research |
| | PIGOU, ARTHUR CECIL [Pigou, Arthur Cecil], 1877-1959, British economist, grad. | | | Our archive contains millions of documents from thousands of sources and goes back over 23 years. | | | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Pigou, Arthur Cecil @ HighBeam Research |
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http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:Pigou-Ar&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf
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| | Optimal Growth |
| | From this proposition, the Cambridge economist Arthur C. Pigou (1920) posed an interesting conundrum: if, indeed, agents tend to underestimate their future utility, they will probably not make proper provision for their future wants and thus personally save less than they would have wished had they made the calculation correctly. | | | This, Pigou conjectured, implies that there is a "market failure" of sorts in the market for savings. | | | Ramsey's conclusion was to confirm Pigou's suggestion: the optimal rate of savings is higher than the rate that myopic agents in a market economy would choose. |
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http://homepage.newschool.edu/het/essays/growth/optimal/optimintro.htm
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| | Piggin One-Name Study: Pigou of England |
| | If by chance it should be of help to members of the Pigou family, all the better. | | | Gerald Arthur Pigou 1878-1957 < FFHS index entry: Pigon | | | Arthur Cecil Pigou 1877-1959, the Cambridge economist, never married < FFHS index entry: Pigon |
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http://www.piggin.de/pigou.htm
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| | Arthur Cecil Pigou |
| | All is still licensed under the GNU FDL. | | | Arthur Cecil Pigou, (1877-1959), was an English economist, known for his work in many fields and particularly welfare economics[?]. | | | Even with the respite given by the unpreparedness of the South, abroad, the startled nation, thus suddenly forced into a. |
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http://www.termsdefined.net/ar/arthur-cecil-pigou.html
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| | Palgrave Macmillan: Economics: A.C.Pigou's Collected Economic Writings |
| | A student under Alfred Marshall, and his sucessor as Professor of Political Economy, he was responsible for communicating marshallian orthodoxy to the next generation of Cambridge economists. | | | These 14 volumes bring together, for the first time, the works of Arthur Cecil Pigou, one of the leading economists of the two decades before World War 11. | | | Macmillan Archive Press is proud to announce publication of a collection of economic writings by AC Pigou, one of the most influential figures in 20th century economics |
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http://www.palgrave.com/economics/pigou/index.asp
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| | PIGOU, Arthur Cecil., Industrial Fluctuations. |
| | Industrial Fluctuations, together with A Study in Public Finance (1928), and The Theory of Unemployment (1933) 'represented the most distinguished work of the pre-Keynesian epoch and played a significant part in the rapid development of economics during that period. | | | Pigou laid stress on the psychological factor referred to under the heading, 'the mutual generation of errors of optimism and errors of pessimism', showing his search for a formal structure into which to fit what would later be called the multiplier. | | | Part I suggests a host of causes and Part II a corresponding number of remedies' (Batson). |
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http://www.polybiblio.com/quaritch/H995.67.html
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| | Book Review - Double Lives: Spies and Writers in the Secret Soviet War of Ideas against the West |
| | In the first half of the 20th century, one of the most respected and internationally famous economists was Arthur C. Pigou. | | | In the 1920s and 1930s, Arthur Pigou was neither the only nor the most important figure among Western intellectuals who served the ends of the Soviet Union. | | | Historians Richard Deacon, in The British Connection (1979), and John Costello, in Mask of Treachery (1988), present the evidence for this, and one of the sources for their revelation about Pigou's Soviet activities is none other than Friedrich von Hayek. |
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http://www.fff.org/freedom/0794e.asp
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| | Matt & Andrej Koymasky - Famous GLTB - Arthur Pigou |
| | His notion of the "real balance effect" (the "Pigou effect") contended that employement was stimulated by a fall in prices, because the latter increased liquid wealth and thus demand for goods and services. | | | At King's College, Pigou met the young student Wilfred Noyce, a boy 41 years younger than him, and started a relationship with him. | | | Matt & Andrej Koymasky - Famous GLTB - Arthur Pigou |
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http://andrejkoymasky.com/liv/fam/biop2/pigo1.html
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| | THE CAMBRIDGE NEOCLASSICALS |
| | They relied on practical, intuitive arguments rather than mathematical formalism -- taking into account items such as historical time, institutional and industrial structure and real world phenomena, such as uncertainty, money and business cycles. | | | Cambridge economic historian, orthodox Marshallian but got entangled with Pigou in a dispute over the practical relevance of Marshall's theory. | | | This was exemplified, of course, in the work of Marshall's main disciples -- Arthur Pigou, Dennis Robertson and the young John Maynard Keynes. |
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http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/schools/english.htm
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| | Pigou, A. C |
| | The quality of all his books is outstanding but he was only slowly won a place as an economist of first distinction. | | | Pigou, A. Photo by Hall of Economists, Germany | | | Review of the Fifth Edition of Mashall's Principles of Economics (socsci.mcmaster.ca) The Economic Journal, volume 17, 1907, pp. |
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http://www.cpm.ll.ehime-u.ac.jp/akamacHomePage/akamac_E-text_Links/Pigou.html
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| | biology - Keynesian economics |
| | In "classical" economic theory -- Keynes's term for the economics prior to General Theory (and specifically that of Arthur Pigou) -- adjustments in prices would automatically make demand tend to the full employment level. | | | Keynes, pointing to the sharp fall in employment and output in the early 1930s, argued that whatever the theory, this self-correcting process had not happened. | | | In a reversal of Say's Law, Keynes in essence argued that "demand creates its own supply," up to the limit set by full employment. |
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http://www.biologydaily.com/biology/Keynesian
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| | Manuscripts Catalogue |
| | Mentions Herbert Somerton Foxwell, John Maynard Keynes and Arthur Cecil Pigou. | | | Mentions Arthur Cecil Pigou, John Maynard Keynes, Scott Cunningham and Stanley Buckmaster. | | | Mentions Scott, Lionel Robbins, Arthur Pigou, John Maynard Keynes, Jacob Hollander, Edwin Seligman, Malcolm MacDonald, Edward,... |
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http://special.lib.gla.ac.uk/manuscripts/search/resultsn.cfm?NID=4791&RID=
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| | Amazon.ca: Books: Arthur Pigou |
| | Pigou, A.C. i.e., each book must be in subject 1 AND subject 2 AND... | | | Look for books like Arthur Pigou by subject: | | | Write an online review and share your thoughts with other shoppers! |
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http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/1852784997/medfools01-20
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| | Pigou, Arthur Cecil |
| | Question.com > Encyclopedia > Social Sciences and the Law > Economics, Business, and Labor > Economics: Biographies > Pigou, Arthur Cecil | | | Browse: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Help |
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http://www.question.com/link/Pigou-Ar.html
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| | PIGOU, Arthur Cecil., The Economics of Welfare ... Second edition. |
| | He was primarily concerned (as his first chapter shows) with "fruit" rather than "light": with writing a theory of welfare that was applicable in practice' (IESS). | | | In The Economics of Welfare, 'he started from two existing ideas, to be found, in the Cambridge tradition, in the work of Marshall and Sidgwick... | | | In one important respect Pigou's work was fundamentally different from that of his successors in the field of welfare theory. |
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http://www.polybiblio.com/quaritch/H995.66.html
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