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| | Public good - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Most believers in public goods theory hold that provision of public goods should be a task for the state and that the state should therefore have the powers to tax and regulate, since such powers are necessary for the provision of public goods. | | | Common goods should not be confused with another subtype of public goods: the collective goods (also known as social goods), which are defined as goods that could be delivered as private goods, but are delivered instead by the government for various reasons (usually social policy). | | | The economic concept of public goods should not be confused with the expression "the public good", which is usually an application of a collective ethical notion of "the good" in political decision-making. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_good
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| | Superior good - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The income elasticity of a superior good is above one by definition, because it raises the expenditure share as income rises. | | | A superior good might be a luxury which isn't purchased at all below a certain level of income, or have a wide quality distribution, such as wine, and holidays (where the number produced may stay constant with rising wealth, but the level of spending goes up, to secure a better experience.) | | | If the quantity of an item demanded increases with income, but not enough to increase the share of the budget spent on it, then it is a normal good. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_good
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| | Common good - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Common goods should not be confused with another subtype of public goods: the collective goods (also known as social goods), which are defined as goods that could be delivered as private goods, but are delivered instead by the government for various reasons (usually social policy). | | | These definitions of the common good present it as a quality which is convertible, or reducible, to the sum total of all the private interests of the individual members of a society and interchangeable with them. | | | collective good (social good) - private good - common good - common-pool resource- club good - public good - global public good - Accounting good |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_good
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| | Good (economics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Goods are, or can be, sold at a price if a market exists for the good. | | | Labour represents a good to an employer, and a 'bad' to the worker, because the worker would prefer to spend the time at leisure (labor is a pure substitute for leisure time). | | | In macroeconomics and accounting a distinction is made between a accounting good and a service. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_(economics)
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| | Public good - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | A pure public good is the opposite of a private good, i.e., a good that can easily be divided into parts to sell on the market, because it is excludable and rivalrous. | | | collective goods (also known as social goods), which are defined as goods that could be delivered as private goods, but are delivered instead by the government for various reasons (usually social policy). | | | The economic concept of public goods should not be confused with the expression "the public good", which is usually an application of a collective ethical notion of "the good" in political decision-making. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_good
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| | Luxury good - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In popular culture and the public imagination, certain luxury goods have become status symbols as they tend to signify the purchasers ability to obtain such a good and thereby his or her income. | | | Another market charateristic of luxury goods is their very high sensitivity to economic upturns and downturns, high profit margins as well as prices, and very tightly controlled brands. | | | Like other sectors of the retail market, luxury goods retailers like to cluster their stores closely together in order to create a shopping "destination." In the case of luxury goods, these areas are generally perceived to be centers of luxury retailers. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxury_good
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| | Good governance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The terms governance and good governance are being increasingly used in development literature. | | | Major donors and international financial institutions, like the IMF or World Bank, are increasingly basing their aid and loans on the condition that reforms ensuring good governance are undertaken. | | | Good governance accomplishes this in a manner essentially free of abuse and corruption, and with due regard for the rule of law. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_governance
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| | MSN Encarta - International Trade |
| | According to Smith’s theory, a country that trades internationally should specialize in producing only those goods in which it has an absolute advantage, that is, those goods it can produce more cheaply than can its trading partners. | | | In a money economy, goods are not merely bartered for other goods; rather, products are bought and sold in the international market with national currencies. | | | “Goods” can be defined as finished products, as intermediate goods used in producing other goods, or as raw materials such as minerals, agricultural products, and other such commodities. |
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http://uk.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761560913/International_Trade.html
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| | GOOD GOVERNANCE |
| | Good governance should have its powers and responsibilities amated and evenly distributed in the fabric of the governance. | | | A passion pure and clear for the welfare and development of the nation and its people by any means is a prerequisite for good governance. | | | Lack of accountability is the leitmotiv of governance in India. |
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http://www.kumar50.blogspot.com
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| | Information good - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Before the consumption of the goods, a consumer may not be able to assess the utility of the goods very accurately and reliably. | | | The market values of these goods typically rely on both the nature of material and its arrangements. | | | The typical examples of information goods include a CD containing pieces of music, a DVD containing a movie, a computer file which is a piece of program, a book containing short stories, and so on. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_good
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| | FACSNET Reporting Tools |
| | Total government outlays (the sum of expenditures on goods and services, transfer payments and interest on debt) must equal total revenue (the sum of taxes and US government loans). | | | Goods or resources are wasted when they are allocated to uses which are not the most valuable. | | | The accepted common medium of exchange for goods and services in the marketplace that functions as the unit of account, a means of deferred payment and a store of value. |
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http://www.facsnet.org/tools/ref_tutor/econo_term/glossary.html
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| | Capital (economics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In particular, they can be used in the production of other goods, are not used up immediately in the process of production, and can be enhanced (if not created) by human effort. | | | Keynes pointed out, saving involves not spending all of income on current goods or services, while investment refers to spending on a specific type of goods, i.e., capital goods. | | | In traditional economic analysis individual capital is more usually called labor. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_(economics)
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| | Frank A. Fetter |
| | The rental price of each producer good is imputed to it by entrepreneurial demand and is equal to its discounted marginal value product. | | | Since gratification is the basis of all values, what is implied about the prices of consumer goods must be true of factor prices as well. | | | The capital value of each durable good is equal to the discounted value of its future rents. |
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http://www.mises.org/content/fetterbio.asp
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| | Public good |
| | The study of collective action shows that public goods are still produced when one individual benefits more from the public good than it costs him to produce it; examples include benefits from individual use, intrinsic motivation to produce, and business models based on selling complement goods. | | | A government may subsidize production of a public good in the private sector. | | | One general solution to the problem is for governments or states to impose taxation to fund the production of public goods. |
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http://www.sciencedaily.com/encyclopedia/public_good
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| | Basic Concepts of Economic Value |
| | Thus, economic value is measured by the most someone is willing to give up in other goods and services in order to obtain a good, service, or state of the world. | | | Economic values are also affected by the changes in price or quality of substitute goods or complementary goods. | | | The economic value of a particular item, or good, for example a loaf of bread, is measured by the maximum amount of other things that a person is willing to give up to have that loaf of bread. |
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http://www.ecosystemvaluation.org/1-01.htm
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| | Free good - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | A free good is available in as great a quantity as desired with zero opportunity cost to society. | | | Although these goods are free goods (in the economic sense) once they have been produced, they do require scarce resources, such as skilled manpower, to create them in the first place. | | | The free good is a term used in economics to describe a good that is not scarce. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_good
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| | Good Governance and the MDGs: Contradictory or Complementary?- Social and Economic Policy - Global Policy Forum |
| | Good governance as with good intentions on the MDGs must confront and not disguise those structures and systems that generate enormous inequalities between in global consumption and are responsible for the state of oppression and misery afflicting the majority of the worlds inhabitants. | | | Good governance recipes handed down by the economic powers and demanded by multinational corporations carefully avoid raising questions about the nature and realm of development, the politics of the dominant economic growth paradigm, and the forces that control such development in their own self-interest. | | | This ineffectiveness derives in part from the vagueness of the concept of good governance itself, and from the fact that there is a real confusion at the heart of the governance agenda about whether governance is a precondition for successful development or developments objective. |
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http://www.globalpolicy.org/socecon/develop/2004/1012goodgovernance.htm
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| | Encyclopedia4U - Measures of national income - Encyclopedia Article |
| | If intermediate goods were included too, this would lead to double counting - for example, the value of the tires would be counted once when they are sold to the car manufacturer, and again when the car is sold to the consumer. | | | Only final goods are included when measuring national income. | | | For example, GNP might be calculated for 2000, 2001 and 2002 using the prices prevailing in 2002 for all of the calculations. |
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http://www.encyclopedia4u.com/m/measures-of-national-income.html
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| | Inferior good - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In the diagram below, good Y is a normal good since the amount purchased increases from Y1 to Y2 as the budget constraint shifts from BC1 to the higher income BC2. | | | Depending on consumer or market indifference curves, the amount of a good bought can either increase, decrease, or stay the same when income increases. | | | In consumer theory, an inferior good is a good that decreases in demand when income rises, unlike the more common normal goods, for which the opposite is observed. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior_goods
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| | Economics Interactive |
| | A Veblen good is viewed by its owners as a status symbol, and such a good is valued by an individual because its high price places it beyond the reasonable budgets of other individuals. | | | Value added is the excess of a firms revenues over the amount it pays to other firms for intermediate goods. | | | Vertical integration is a process of merging firms that operate at different production levels within an industry, or the creation of operations that are either customers of the intermediate products of the parent firm, or suppliers of intermediate products to the parent firm. |
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http://www.unc.edu/depts/econ/byrns_web/Economicae/EconomicaeV.htm
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| | Economic Testimony - The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly |
| | In a case involving individual distributors in a multi-level-marketing (MLM) industry, the plaintiffs economic expert sought to estimate the number of would-be distributors the manufacturer would have in its distributor force, in the absence of alleged disparaging remarks and literature. | | | A spreadsheet was used to list sales, costs, and resulting profits by month for over twenty years. | | | Since the profits were projected for a surgeon, it made little economic sense that a surgeon would continue practicing for several years with a negative income. |
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http://www.rrc-inc.com/articles_economic_testimony.php
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| | Luxury good - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In popular culture and the public imagination, certain luxury goods have become status symbols as they tend to signify that the purchasers ability to obtain such a good and thereby his or her income. | | | Like other sectors of the retail market, luxury goods retailers like to cluster their stores closely together in order to create a shopping "destination." In the case of luxury goods, these areas are generally perceived to be centers of luxury retailers. | | | Another market charateristic of luxury goods is their very high sensitivity to economic upturns and downturns, high profit margins as well as prices, and very tightly controlled brands. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxury_good
(782 words)
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| | Stage-of-Processing Indexes |
| | The crude and intermediate goods indexes are barometers of price movement for businesses cost of materials and costs of products purchased from other firms. | | | By contrast, total gross domestic product is comprised of the sum of personal consumption expenditures for goods and services, private investment for both equipment and residential and nonresidential structures, government consumption expenditures and investment, and exports less imports. | | | While it is generally feasible to identify those goods first entering the production chain (i.e., crude goods), as well as those goods leaving the manufacturing sector as finished consumer goods and capital equipment (i.e., finished goods), within the intermediate processing stage, some goods are inputs into other goods. |
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http://stats.bls.gov/ppi/ppisops.htm
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| | Did You Know This? – 11 |
| | The fundamental principles of good governance are universal: they include respect for human rights, including the rights of women and children, respect for the rule of law; political openness, participation and tolerance; accountability and transparency; and administrative and bureaucratic capacity and efficiency. | | | Good governance presents the most generalized and systemic means of improving other elements of SHD, such as poverty eradication and equity building. | | | SHD depends on good governance and the empowerment of individuals and communities to participate in the decisions that affect their lives. |
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http://www.nharnet.com/Editorials/DidYouKnowThis/NharnetTeam_July05.htm
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| | Is Education a Public Good? |
| | Public goods are sometimes supplied by the private sector and private goods - by the public sector. | | | Externalities- public goods impose costs or benefits on others - individuals or firms - outside the marketplace and their effects are only partially reflected in prices and the market transactions. | | | Public goods, in contrast, are accessible to growing numbers of people without any additional marginal cost. |
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http://samvak.tripod.com/publicgoods.html
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| | SIEPA - Serbia Investment and Export Promotion Agency |
| | For the goods produced in the zone the certificate showing that they are produced in Serbia will be issued, if the value of goods, which are exported, the share of raw materials and other reproduction material, labor and production expenses of Serbian origin are at least 51% of the value of goods being exported. | | | All goods (except for humanitarian supplies) imported outside of the free zones are liable for payment of duties at tariff rates currently in force. | | | Goods can be temporarily transferred from the zones to the domestic market and vice versa in order to add value through activities such as processing, installation, repairs, quality control, and marketing activities, among others. |
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http://www.siepa.sr.gov.yu/investment/investor_guide/free.htm
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| | Public goods: A Glossary of Political Economy Terms - Dr. Paul M. Johnson |
| | The non-profit “third sector” of the economy devotes considerable effort to the provision of public goods financed by voluntary contributions that are motivated by appeals to people's “civic conscience” (or to their desire for the honors and respect that the community spontaneously accords to “public benefactors”). | | | These are a very special class of goods which cannot practically be withheld from one individual consumer without withholding them from all (the “nonexcludability criterion”) and for which the marginal cost of an additional person consuming them, once they have been produced, is zero (the “nonrivalrous consumption” criterion). | | | Consequently private production of the good or service may prove unprofitable, and the good or service thus may not be provided at all by the free market &; even though everyone might concede they would be better off with some positive level of production of the good in question. |
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http://www.auburn.edu/~johnspm/gloss/public_goods.html
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| | OP-ED |
| | Information is a public resource in the hands of the government and the challenge is to share it equitably and manage it to the best advantage of the society. | | | In this context then, it is significant that the main thrust of any right to information regime is to change the culture of secrecy and aloofness in government and the bureaucracy by practically promote transparency and public accountability in the working of every government department. | | | An effective access to information regime has the potential to empower the poor and other vulnerable groups of society to demand information concerning the government's pro-poor policies and ensure that their basic needs are met. |
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http://independent-bangladesh.com/news/sep/28/28092005op.htm
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| | Inferior good - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | In the diagram below, good Y is a normal good since the amount purchased increases from Y1 to Y2 as the budget constraint shifts from BC1 to the higher income BC2. | | | Depending on consumer or market indifference curves, the amount of a good bought can either increase, decrease, or stay the same when income increases. | | | Good X is an inferior good since the amount bought decreases from X1 to X2 as income increases. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferior_goods
(370 words)
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